Mespreuve Ann-Sofie, Apers Lise, Moller Ann-Beth, Galle Anna
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Aug 20;4(8):e0003498. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003498. eCollection 2024.
The postnatal period is one of the most critical periods in the lives of mothers and newborns. Yet, the postnatal period remains the most neglected period along the maternal health care continuum. Globally, measures assessing quality of postnatal care (PNC) often focus on care at health facility level, the provision of home-based PNC and associated quality of care measures seem largely overlooked. This scoping review aims to give an overview of the literature on measures assessing quality of PNC for mothers and newborns in a home-based setting. This review was conducted according to the Arksey and O'Malley's methodology for scoping reviews. Three electronic bibliographic databases were searched together with a grey literature search. Two reviewers independently screened the identified articles. All data on home-based PNC measures were extracted and mapped according to the 2022 World Health Organization PNC Guideline recommendations in three categories: i) maternal care, ii) newborn care, iii) health system and health promotion interventions. Several additional quality of care domains, characterizing home-based PNC, were identified: i) social and emotional empowerment, ii) assessment of the home setting, iii) early breastfeeding, iv) health education and counseling, v) personal hygiene and prevention of infections, vi) referral to health facility when necessary, vii) thermal care, viii) parent-child relationship and ix) promote economic self-sufficiency. This review illustrates that home-based PNC has a very broad spectrum of care and plays a vital role in improving maternal and newborn health and well-being. In addition, there is a clear need for more research on the optimal timing and content of home-based care in the postnatal period for maximizing its potential.
产后时期是母亲和新生儿生命中最关键的时期之一。然而，产后时期仍然是孕产妇保健连续体中最被忽视的阶段。在全球范围内，评估产后护理（PNC）质量的措施往往侧重于医疗机构层面的护理，而家庭式产后护理的提供及相关护理质量措施似乎在很大程度上被忽视了。本范围综述旨在概述关于评估家庭环境中母亲和新生儿产后护理质量措施的文献。本综述按照阿克西和奥马利的范围综述方法进行。同时检索了三个电子文献数据库以及灰色文献。两名评审员独立筛选已识别的文章。根据2022年世界卫生组织产后护理指南建议，将所有关于家庭式产后护理措施的数据提取并划分为三类：i）孕产妇护理，ii）新生儿护理，iii）卫生系统及健康促进干预措施。还确定了几个表征家庭式产后护理的额外护理质量领域：i）社会和情感赋权，ii）家庭环境评估，iii）早期母乳喂养，iv）健康教育与咨询，v）个人卫生与感染预防，vi）必要时转诊至医疗机构，vii）体温护理，viii）亲子关系，ix）促进经济自给自足。本综述表明，家庭式产后护理涵盖非常广泛的护理内容，在改善孕产妇和新生儿的健康与福祉方面发挥着至关重要的作用。此外，显然需要更多关于产后家庭护理最佳时机和内容的研究，以最大限度地发挥其潜力。
