School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175610. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175610. Epub 2024 Aug 18.
This study investigated the effects of combining Phragmites australis-based biochar, prepared at 400 °C, with various types of phosphate fertilizers-soluble, insoluble, and organic-on the content and transformation of phosphorus fractions in saline-alkali soil. Additionally, we explored microbiological mechanisms driving these transformations. The results showed that this combination significantly increased the concentrations of dicalcium phosphate (CaP), octacalcium phosphate (CaP), aluminum phosphate (AlP), moderately labile organic phosphorus (MLOP), and resistant organic phosphorus (MROP) in soil. Conversely, the levels of hydroxyapatite (CaP) and highly resistant organic phosphorus (HROP) decreased. The increase in labile organic phosphorus (LOP) content or decrease in iron phosphate (FeP) was found to effectively enhance the availability of Olsen phosphorus (Olsen-P) in soil. Furthermore, the study revealed that biochar mixed with organic phosphate fertilizers increased the activity of soil acid phosphatase (ACP) and neutral phosphatase (NEP), while reducing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. In contrast, biochar combined with soluble and insoluble phosphate fertilizers decreased the activity of ACP (22.59 % and 28.57 %, respectively) and NEP (62.50 % and 11.11 %, respectively), with the combination with insoluble fertilizers also reducing ALP activity by 55.84 %, whereas the soluble combination increased it by 190.34 %. Additionally, the co-application of biochar and phosphate fertilizers altered the composition and abundance of the gene phoD-harboring microbial community, enhancing the abundance of Proteobacteria and reducing that of Actinobacteria. Correlation analysis between phoD-functional microbial species and various phosphorus fractions showed that Rhodopseudomonas was significantly associated with several phosphorus components, exhibiting a positive correlation with CaP, CaP, AlP, LOP, MLOP, and MROP, but a negative relationship with CaP. These findings suggest that the combined application of biochar and phosphate fertilizers could change the abundance of Rhodopseudomonas, potentially influencing phosphorus cycling in the soil. This research provides a strong scientific foundation for the efficient combined use of biochar and phosphate fertilizers in managing saline-alkali soil.
本研究探讨了以 400°C 制备的荻草基生物炭与不同类型磷酸盐肥料（可溶性、难溶性和有机磷）结合对盐碱土中磷素形态的含量和转化的影响。此外，我们还探讨了驱动这些转化的微生物学机制。结果表明，这种组合显著增加了土壤中二水磷酸钙（CaP）、八水磷酸钙（CaP）、磷酸铝（AlP）、中等稳定有机磷（MLOP）和稳定有机磷（MROP）的浓度。相反，羟磷灰石（CaP）和高稳定有机磷（HROP）的含量降低。发现可利用有机磷（LOP）含量的增加或铁磷（FeP）的减少可有效提高土壤中Olsen 磷（Olsen-P）的有效性。此外，研究表明，生物炭与有机磷肥料混合增加了土壤酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和中性磷酸酶（NEP）的活性，同时降低了碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的活性。相比之下，生物炭与可溶性和难溶性磷酸盐肥料的组合分别降低了 ACP（分别降低 22.59%和 28.57%）和 NEP（分别降低 62.50%和 11.11%）的活性，与难溶性肥料的组合还降低了 ALP 活性 55.84%，而可溶性组合则将其提高了 190.34%。此外，生物炭和磷酸盐肥料的共同施用改变了 phoD 基因携带微生物群落的组成和丰度，增加了变形菌门的丰度，降低了放线菌门的丰度。与各种磷素形态相关的 phoD 功能微生物种的相关性分析表明，红假单胞菌与几种磷素成分显著相关，与 CaP、CaP、AlP、LOP、MLOP 和 MROP 呈正相关，与 CaP 呈负相关。这些发现表明，生物炭和磷酸盐肥料的联合施用可能会改变红假单胞菌的丰度，从而可能影响土壤中的磷循环。本研究为生物炭和磷酸盐肥料在盐碱地管理中的高效联合利用提供了有力的科学依据。
