Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - University of Campinas, Brazil.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - University of Campinas, Brazil.
Public Health. 2024 Nov;236:78-84. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.019. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
To understand how the perinatal care experiences among adolescents were impacted during the early years of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Integrative review.
We performed a search in the literature focusing on qualitative studies regarding the perceptions of pregnant adolescents during the pandemic (2020-2023). We described the most frequent thematic axes observed in the included studies, and we synthesized the results.
The selection involved 69 articles, resulting in 9 studies from 7 countries (Indonesia, Kenya, the United Kingdom, South Africa, the United States, Malawi, and India). The studies highlight six main thematic axes: 1. Economic impact: the pandemic adversely influenced personal and family conditions, leading to early marriages and violence and exacerbating pre-existing economic inequalities. 2. Mental health: increased anxiety, depression, isolation, and fear among pregnant adolescents, with a focus on concerns related to contamination and perinatal uncertainties. 3. Compromised perinatal care: restrictions during prenatal and delivery care and lack of emotional and professional support lead to negative impacts on care for pregnant adolescents. 4. Breakdown of family Support network: school closures, family losses, and increased domestic violence affected family dynamics, influencing the occurrence of early pregnancies. 5. Impact on sexual education: school closures hindered access to contraceptives, contributing to unplanned pregnancies. 6. Vaccine hesitancy: misinformation led to hesitancy among pregnant women, highlighting the need for better communication to increase confidence in vaccination.
The review emphasizes the wide geographic variety of the studies and highlights the interconnection between economic, social, and mental health factors. The pandemic intensified preexisting challenges, underscoring the importance of comprehensive support for pregnant adolescents, including emotional and psychological support. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated social and economic inequalities, negatively impacting the perinatal experiences of pregnant adolescents. The emphasis is on the need for comprehensive support, considering psychosocial factors, highlights the importance of more inclusive and sensitive health policies addressing the specific needs of this group during public health crises. The identified thematic axes, spanning economic, mental health, perinatal care, family support networks, sexual education, and vaccine hesitancy, illuminate the intricate challenges faced by adolescents during the pandemic. The identification of these axes provided a comprehensive analysis of the diverse consequences experienced by adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also allows the proposition of tailored interventions to mitigate the adverse effects on adolescent well-being and inform public health strategies for future pandemics or crises.
了解 COVID-19 大流行早期青少年围产期护理体验受到了怎样的影响。
综合回顾。
我们对 2020-2023 年期间关于疫情期间孕妇青少年认知的定性研究进行了文献检索。我们描述了纳入研究中观察到的最常见主题轴，并对结果进行了综合。
选择过程共涉及 69 篇文章，最终有来自 7 个国家（印度尼西亚、肯尼亚、英国、南非、美国、马拉维和印度）的 9 项研究入选。这些研究突出了六个主要的主题轴：1. 经济影响：大流行对个人和家庭状况产生了不利影响，导致早婚和暴力行为增加，并加剧了先前存在的经济不平等。2. 心理健康：孕妇青少年的焦虑、抑郁、孤立和恐惧增加，重点关注与污染和围产期不确定性相关的担忧。3. 围产期护理受损：产前和分娩护理受限，缺乏情感和专业支持，对孕妇青少年的护理产生负面影响。4. 家庭支持网络破裂：学校关闭、家庭损失和家庭暴力增加影响家庭动态，导致早孕发生。5. 性教育的影响：学校关闭阻碍了避孕药具的获取，导致意外怀孕。6. 疫苗犹豫：错误信息导致孕妇犹豫不决，突显了更好地沟通以增强对疫苗接种的信心的必要性。
该综述强调了研究的广泛地域多样性，并强调了经济、社会和心理健康因素之间的相互关联。大流行加剧了先前存在的挑战，突出了为孕妇青少年提供全面支持的重要性，包括情感和心理支持。COVID-19 大流行加剧了社会和经济不平等，对孕妇青少年的围产期体验产生了负面影响。重点是需要全面支持，考虑到心理社会因素，突出了在公共卫生危机期间制定更具包容性和敏感性的卫生政策，以满足这一群体的具体需求的重要性。确定的主题轴涵盖经济、心理健康、围产期护理、家庭支持网络、性教育和疫苗犹豫，阐明了青少年在大流行期间面临的复杂挑战。确定这些轴为青少年在 COVID-19 大流行期间所经历的各种后果提供了全面分析，并为减轻对青少年福祉的不利影响以及为未来的大流行或危机制定公共卫生策略提供了信息。
