College of Marine Life Sciences, Department of Marine Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2024 Sep 3;58(35):15779-15789. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03985. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
The Yangtze River Estuary is the terminal sink of terrestrial per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from the Yangtze River, while the environmental fate characteristics of legacy and emerging PFAS around this region have rarely been discussed. Here, 24 targeted PFAS in seawater, sediments, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and plankton in the offshore region adjacent to this estuary were investigated. The three dominant PFAS in all phases were perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, 23.8-61.9%), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA, 23.6-42.8%), and perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid (HFPO-DA, 6.1-12.1%), and perfluoro-1-butane sulfonamide (FBSA, 0.1-7.3%) was first detected. The horizontal distributions of PFAS were dependent on salinity and disturbed by multiple water masses, while the vertical variations could be explained by their different partitioning characteristics in the water-SPM-sediment system (partition coefficients, Log and Log ) and plankton (bioaccumulation factors, Log BAF). Although physical mixing was the major driver for PFAS settling (>83.7%), the absolute settling amount caused by the biological pump was still high (150.00-41994.65 ng m day). More importantly, we found unexpected high Log values of PFBA (2.24-4.55) and HFPO-DA (2.26-4.67), equal to PFOA (2.28-4.72), which brought concerns about their environmental persistence. Considering the increased detection of short-chain and emerging PFAS, more comprehensive environmental behaviors analysis is required urgently.
长江口是来自长江的全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的终端汇，而该地区周围的遗留和新兴 PFAS 的环境归宿特征却很少被讨论。在这里，调查了毗邻该河口的近海海域的海水中、沉积物中、悬浮颗粒物 (SPM) 中和浮游生物中 24 种目标 PFAS。所有相中含量最高的三种 PFAS 是全氟辛酸 (PFOA，23.8-61.9%)、全氟丁烷磺酸 (PFBA，23.6-42.8%) 和全氟(2-甲基-3-氧杂己酸) (HFPO-DA，6.1-12.1%)，首次检测到全氟-1-丁烷磺酰胺 (FBSA，0.1-7.3%)。PFAS 的水平分布取决于盐度并受多种水团的干扰，而垂直变化可以用它们在水-SPM-沉积物系统 (分配系数 Log 和 Log) 和浮游生物 (生物累积因子 Log BAF) 中的不同分配特性来解释。尽管物理混合是 PFAS 沉降的主要驱动因素 (>83.7%)，但生物泵引起的绝对沉降量仍然很高 (150.00-41994.65ng m day)。更重要的是，我们发现 PFBA (2.24-4.55) 和 HFPO-DA (2.26-4.67) 的意外高 Log 值，与 PFOA (2.28-4.72) 相等，这引起了对其环境持久性的关注。考虑到短链和新兴 PFAS 的检出增加，需要更全面的环境行为分析。
