极早产儿童的脑容量、皮质厚度及其与认知的关联。
Brain volumes and cortical thickness and associations with cognition in children born extremely preterm.
作者信息
Kvanta Hedvig, Padilla Nelly, Nosko Daniela, Mårtensson Gustaf, Broström Lina, de Gamarra-Oca Lexuri Fernández, Bolk Jenny, Ådén Ulrika
机构信息
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Paediatric Department, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
出版信息
Pediatr Res. 2025 Feb;97(2):655-663. doi: 10.1038/s41390-024-03480-1. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
BACKGROUND
Children born extremely preterm (EPT) have altered brain volumes and cortical thickness and lower cognition than children born at term. Associations between these have remained largely unexplored, due to the lack of studies focusing on children born EPT.
METHODS
Children underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term and/or 10 years and cognitive assessments at 12 years. The study comprised of 42 children born EPT and 29 term-born controls with cognitive data and MRI data at 10 years, 25 children born EPT had MRI data at term age and 20 had longitudinal MRI data.
RESULTS
Cognition was positively associated with brain volumes at 10 years, but negatively associated with cortical thickness at 10 years. Most associations between term age brain volumes and cognitive outcomes were non-significant for children born EPT. Growth from term to 10 years in children born EPT was not associated with cognition. Insular volume was positively associated with cognition in children born EPT.
CONCLUSION
Imaging assessments at 10 years had similar associations to cognition in children born EPT and term-born controls. Insular volume could be a biomarker for cognitive outcome. Associations between brain volumetric growth and cognition require further investigation.
IMPACT
This study investigated brain volumes, volumetric growth, and cortical thickness in children born extremely preterm, who have rarely been studied exclusively, and compared the data with term-born controls. In both groups, brain volumes at 10 years were positively associated with cognitive outcome at 12 years, but cortical thickness at 10 years was negatively associated with cognitive outcome at 12 years. Volumetric growth from term age to 10 years was not associated with cognitive outcome in the subset of children born extremely preterm with longitudinal data. Insular volume may be a potential biomarker for cognitive outcome in children born extremely preterm.
背景
极早产儿（EPT）出生时脑容量和皮质厚度与足月儿不同，认知能力也低于足月儿。由于缺乏针对极早产儿的研究，这些因素之间的关联在很大程度上仍未得到探索。
方法
儿童在足月时和/或10岁时接受脑磁共振成像（MRI）检查，并在12岁时进行认知评估。该研究包括42名极早产儿和29名足月儿对照，其中42名极早产儿和29名足月儿对照在10岁时有认知数据和MRI数据，25名极早产儿在足月时拥有MRI数据，20名拥有纵向MRI数据。
结果
10岁时认知与脑容量呈正相关，但与10岁时的皮质厚度呈负相关。对于极早产儿来说，足月时脑容量与认知结果之间的大多数关联并不显著。极早产儿从足月到10岁的生长与认知无关。岛叶体积与极早产儿的认知呈正相关。
结论
10岁时的影像学评估与极早产儿和足月儿对照儿童的认知有相似的关联。岛叶体积可能是认知结果的生物标志物。脑容量增长与认知之间的关联需要进一步研究。
影响
本研究调查了极早产儿（此前很少有专门针对他们的研究）的脑容量、容量增长和皮质厚度，并将数据与足月儿对照进行了比较。在两组中，10岁时的脑容量与12岁时的认知结果呈正相关，但10岁时的皮质厚度与12岁时的认知结果呈负相关。在有纵向数据的极早产儿亚组中，从足月年龄到10岁的容量增长与认知结果无关。岛叶体积可能是极早产儿认知结果的潜在生物标志物。
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