Ding Yanxi, Zhang Shiyu, Yang Mengtong, Chen Sijia, Zhang Ju, Zhang Piao, Li Ming, Su Danping, Dong Hongli, Guo Yishan, Yin Wenya, Zeng Guo
/ （ 610041） Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2024 Jul 20;55(4):911-917. doi: 10.12182/20240760503.
To investigate and analyze the current status and challenges of infant and toddler nutritional services in urban and rural medical facilities in Sichuan Province.
In 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on infant and toddler nutritional services, including feeding guidance, physical growth assessment, and micronutrient deficiency screening, as well as information on personnel and tools in medical facilities throughout Sichuan Province. The provision of nutritional services was analyzed and the urban-rural disparities were assessed.
A total of 2206 medical facilities (29.1% from urban areas and 70.9% from rural areas) were investigated. Only 35.8% of medical facilities provided all three types of nutritional services. Specifically, the overall service provision rates were high for feeding guidance (94.6%) and physical growth assessment (85.0%), but lower for micronutrient deficiency screening (37.4%). Rural facilities exhibited significantly lower rates than their urban counterparts for both physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening (<0.05). The provision rates of feeding guidance ranged from 70.6% to 93.2%, with responsive feeding guidance being the least implemented (70.6%), particularly in rural areas compared to urban areas (<0.05). Rates for physical growth assessment and micronutrient deficiency screening ranged from 75.3% to 81.8% and 23.6% to 30.8%, respectively, both showing lower rates in rural settings compared to urban ones (<0.05). Nutrition service providers were predominantly nurses (52.3%) and clinical practitioners (43.4%). The availability of dietary assessment tools ranged from 7.7% to 15.9%, significantly lower in rural areas compared to urban areas (<0.001), while physical measurement tools were widely available at rates of 94.6% to 98.5%.
At present, the infant and toddler nutritional service provisions of medical facilities in Sichuan Province are incomplete, particularly so in the implementation of feeding guidance, physical growth assessment, and micronutrient deficiency screening. There is a notable shortage of personnel and necessary tools, with rural areas facing more significant challenges. Enhancing the overall capacity of infant and toddler nutritional services in Sichuan Province is essential, with specific attention needed for rural healthcare settings.
调查分析四川省城乡医疗机构婴幼儿营养服务的现状及挑战。
2022年，通过问卷调查收集四川省各地医疗机构婴幼儿营养服务数据，包括喂养指导、体格生长评估和微量营养素缺乏筛查，以及人员和工具信息。分析营养服务的提供情况并评估城乡差异。
共调查了2206家医疗机构（市区占29.1%，农村占70.9%）。只有35.8%的医疗机构提供了全部三种营养服务。具体而言，喂养指导（94.6%）和体格生长评估（85.0%）的总体服务提供率较高，但微量营养素缺乏筛查（37.4%）的提供率较低。农村医疗机构在体格生长评估和微量营养素缺乏筛查方面的提供率均显著低于城市医疗机构（<0.05）。喂养指导的提供率在70.6%至93.2%之间，其中响应式喂养指导的实施率最低（70.6%），特别是在农村地区与城市地区相比（<0.05）。体格生长评估和微量营养素缺乏筛查的提供率分别在75.3%至81.8%和23.6%至30.8%之间，两者在农村地区的提供率均低于城市地区（<0.05）。营养服务提供者主要是护士（52.3%）和临床医生（43.4%）。膳食评估工具的可用性在7.7%至15.9%之间，农村地区显著低于城市地区（<0.001），而体格测量工具的可用性很高，在94.6%至98.5%之间。
目前，四川省医疗机构的婴幼儿营养服务提供不完整，尤其是在喂养指导、体格生长评估和微量营养素缺乏筛查的实施方面。人员和必要工具明显短缺，农村地区面临的挑战更为严峻。提高四川省婴幼儿营养服务的整体能力至关重要，农村医疗机构尤其需要关注。
