Yang Rui-Zhi, Lin Shi-Zhu, Xie Xi-Yuan, Tang Yi-Jie, Zheng Jing-Xuan, Yuan Chao-Mei, Lin Ya-Yi, Wu Xiao-Dan, Zeng Kai
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 5;10(15):e35609. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35609. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
Sleep disorders are common globally. Probiotics may improve human microbial diversity, offering potential benefits for sleep disturbances by enhancing sleep quality and reducing disorders. We aimed to use a population-based study to investigate the association between yogurt (a probiotic food) and probiotic consumption with sleep disturbances in US adults.
A total of 49,693 adults from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in the analyses. Sleep disorders and sleep duration were assessed according to the Sleep Disorders Questionnaire. The Dietary Questionnaire evaluated yogurt and dietary supplements containing probiotic consumption. After adjusting for confounding factors, weighted multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analyses were used to assess the association between yogurt and probiotic consumption and sleep status.
Of the study cohort, 3535 (14.24 %) participants consumed yogurt and/or dietary supplements containing probiotics. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 16.22 %. Only 53.51 % of the participants achieved the recommended amount of sleep (7-9 h), with 6.10 % and 33.48 % having excessive and insufficient sleep duration, respectively. Weighted Logistic regression models indicated a significant association of probiotic intake with a decreased risk of sleep disturbances compared with those without yogurt or probiotic consumption after adjustments. (For sleep disorders: OR: 0.96, 95 % CI 0.94-0.98, ; for sleep duration: OR: 0.98, 95 % CI 0.96-1.00, = 0.081) Moreover, the effect size of the probiotic intake on sleep was especially significant in sex, race, and BMI subgroups.
The present study first indicated that yogurt and probiotic consumption were associated with a reduced risk of sleep disturbances in US adults, particularly among males, whites, and those with a normal BMI. Incorporating yogurt or probiotics into the diet could serve as a public health strategy for improving sleep disturbances, though further investigation into the underlying mechanisms is needed.
睡眠障碍在全球范围内普遍存在。益生菌可能会改善人类微生物多样性，通过提高睡眠质量和减少紊乱为睡眠障碍带来潜在益处。我们旨在通过一项基于人群的研究来调查酸奶（一种益生菌食品）和益生菌摄入量与美国成年人睡眠障碍之间的关联。
对2009 - 2018年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中的49693名成年人进行分析。根据睡眠障碍问卷评估睡眠障碍和睡眠时间。饮食问卷评估酸奶和含有益生菌的膳食补充剂的摄入量。在调整混杂因素后，采用加权多变量逻辑回归和亚组分析来评估酸奶和益生菌摄入量与睡眠状况之间的关联。
在研究队列中，3535名（14.24%）参与者食用了酸奶和/或含有益生菌的膳食补充剂。睡眠障碍的患病率为16.22%。只有53.51%的参与者达到了推荐的睡眠时间（7 - 9小时），分别有6.10%和33.48%的人睡眠时间过长和过短。加权逻辑回归模型表明，与未食用酸奶或益生菌的人相比，调整后益生菌摄入量与睡眠障碍风险降低显著相关。（对于睡眠障碍：比值比：0.96，95%置信区间0.94 - 0.98；对于睡眠时间：比值比：0.98，95%置信区间0.96 - 1.00，P = 0.081）此外，益生菌摄入量对睡眠的影响大小在性别、种族和体重指数亚组中尤为显著。
本研究首次表明，食用酸奶和益生菌与美国成年人睡眠障碍风险降低有关，特别是在男性、白人以及体重指数正常的人群中。将酸奶或益生菌纳入饮食可作为改善睡眠障碍的公共卫生策略，不过需要进一步研究其潜在机制。
