Disseminated infection in a person with AIDS: A case report.

BACKGROUND

is a nonculturable, nontuberculous mycobacterium that occasionally causes serious infections in individuals with immune deficiencies. Owing to its nonculturable nature, its antimicrobial susceptibility has not been assessed, and the optimal treatment regimen is unclear. Herein, we report a case of disseminated infection in a person with AIDS, identified using metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

CASE PRESENTATION

A 33-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of abdominal pain, lymphadenopathy, intermittent night hot flashes, night sweats, and weight loss. No pathogen was detected during initial routine investigations. was subsequently identified in a left cervical lymph node sample using mNGS. Furthermore, infection was detected in a bone marrow sample based on PCR of and gene sequencing. The person was treated with a combination of moxifloxacin, clarithromycin, ethambutol, rifabutin, and amikacin. The laboratory results improved, and the patient's symptoms resolved.

CONCLUSION

may be missed in diagnostic tests because it cannot be grown using routine culture techniques. Early diagnosis and timely and effective treatment are critical in patients with infection; therefore, molecular techniques are recommended for patients with suspected infection.