Zanesco Anthony P, Denkova Ekaterina, Barry Jordan, Jha Amishi P
Department of Psychology, University of Miami.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2024 Nov;50(11):1049-1066. doi: 10.1037/xhp0001233. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
The tendency for our minds to wander is a pervasive and disruptive influence on continued task performance. Models of sustained attention have implicated mind wandering, moments when attention has turned inwards toward task-unrelated thought, in characteristic patterns of worsening performance with greater time-on-task, known as the vigilance decrement. Despite their theoretical connection, associations between mind wandering and the vigilance decrement have not been investigated systematically. Across two studies ( = 730), we evaluated covariance between within-task change in rates of probe-caught mind wandering and patterns of worsening behavioral task performance that characterize the vigilance decrement. Bivariate growth curve models characterized patterns of intraindividual linear change in mind wandering alongside concomitant changes in task accuracy, response time (RT), and RT variability. Importantly, models assessing the covariance between intraindividual change in mind wandering and behavioral outcome measures confirmed that increases in mind wandering are associated with patterns of worsening behavioral performance with greater time-on-task. In addition, we investigated the role of several moderating factors associated with patterns of within-task change: self-reported task interest and motivation, and individuals' propensity for mind wandering, and mindfulness in their daily lives. These factors moderated either the overall level or rate of within-task change in mind wandering. Our results provide support for models of sustained attention that directly implicate mind wandering in worsening behavioral performance with greater time-on-task in continuous performance tasks requiring sustained attention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
我们的思维容易走神，这对持续的任务表现具有普遍且具有干扰性的影响。持续注意力模型认为，走神（即注意力转向与任务无关的内部思维的时刻）与随着任务时间延长而出现的典型表现恶化模式（即警觉性下降）有关。尽管它们在理论上存在联系，但走神与警觉性下降之间的关联尚未得到系统研究。在两项研究（N = 730）中，我们评估了探测捕捉到的走神率在任务内的变化与表征警觉性下降的行为任务表现恶化模式之间的协方差。双变量增长曲线模型刻画了走神的个体内线性变化模式以及任务准确性、反应时间（RT）和RT变异性的伴随变化。重要的是，评估走神的个体内变化与行为结果指标之间协方差的模型证实，随着任务时间延长，走神增加与行为表现恶化模式相关。此外，我们研究了几个与任务内变化模式相关的调节因素的作用：自我报告的任务兴趣和动机、个体的走神倾向以及他们在日常生活中的正念。这些因素调节了走神在任务内变化的总体水平或速率。我们的结果为持续注意力模型提供了支持，这些模型直接表明在需要持续注意力的连续执行任务中，随着任务时间延长，走神会导致行为表现恶化。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
