State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/ Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; College of Plant Protection, Northeast agricultural university, Harbin 150030, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Oct 5;478:135560. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135560. Epub 2024 Aug 17.
The coexistence of cadmium (Cd) can potentiate (synergism) or reduce (antagonism) the pesticide effects on organisms, which may change with chiral pesticide enantiomers. Previous studies have reported the toxic effects of chiral penthiopyrad on lipid metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver. The Cd effects and toxic mechanism on lipid accumulation were investigated from the perspective of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The coexistence of Cd increased the concentrations of penthiopyrad and its metabolites in zebrafish. Penthiopyrad exposure exhibited significant effects on lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function-related indicators, which were verified by lipid droplets and mitochondrial damage in subcellular structures. Moreover, penthiopyrad activated the genes of ER unfolded protein reaction (UPR) and Ca permeable channels, and S-penthiopyrad exhibited more serious effects on ER stress with ER hyperplasia than R-penthiopyrad. As a mitochondrial uncoupler, the coexistence of Cd could decrease lipid accumulation by alleviating ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and these effects were the most significant for R-penthiopyrad. There were antagonistic effects between Cd and penthiopyrad, which could reduce the damage caused by penthiopyrad in zebrafish, thus increasing the bioaccumulation of penthiopyrad in zebrafish. These findings highlighted the importance and necessity of evaluating the ecological risks of metal-chiral pesticide mixtures.
镉 (Cd) 的共存可能会增强（协同作用）或降低（拮抗作用）农药对生物体的作用，这可能因手性农药对映体而异。先前的研究报道了手性戊吡丙醚对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）肝脏脂代谢的毒性作用。本研究从内质网（ER）应激和线粒体功能障碍的角度，探讨了 Cd 对脂类积累的影响及其毒性机制。Cd 的共存增加了戊吡丙醚及其代谢物在斑马鱼体内的浓度。戊吡丙醚暴露对脂代谢和线粒体功能相关指标有显著影响，这可通过亚细胞结构中的脂滴和线粒体损伤得到验证。此外，戊吡丙醚激活了未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR) 和 Ca 通透性通道的基因，S-戊吡丙醚比 R-戊吡丙醚对 ER 过度增生引起的 ER 应激表现出更严重的影响。作为一种线粒体解偶联剂，Cd 的共存可以通过减轻 ER 应激和线粒体功能障碍来减少脂类积累，而这些作用对 R-戊吡丙醚最为明显。Cd 和戊吡丙醚之间存在拮抗作用，这可以减少戊吡丙醚对斑马鱼造成的损害，从而增加戊吡丙醚在斑马鱼体内的生物积累。这些发现强调了评估金属-手性农药混合物的生态风险的重要性和必要性。
