Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024 Oct;165:105860. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105860. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
Previous research on Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) demonstrated dysfunction across a broad range of cognitive domains. However, the limited number of neuropsychological studies on BPD and their occasionally conflicting results have precluded a clear characterization of the neuropsychological features associated with this personality disorder. Therefore, the main aim of the present study is to provide an updated overview of neuropsychological functions related to BPD. A meta-analysis of 36 studies was performed, comparing the performance of BPD patients and healthy controls (HCs) across several cognitive domains. Significant differences between BPD patients and HCs in multiple cognitive domains were found. The smallest effect size was observed for general executive function, while the largest effect sizes were found in the long-term spatial memory and inhibition domains. In conclusion, the neuropsychological profile of BPD, characterized by deficits in inhibition as well as attention, memory, and executive functions, can result in difficulties in performing everyday activities. Accordingly, assessing neuropsychological functions could assist clinicians in developing more targeted non-pharmacological treatments.
先前关于边缘型人格障碍 (BPD) 的研究表明，该障碍存在广泛的认知领域功能障碍。然而，由于针对 BPD 的神经心理学研究数量有限，且研究结果偶尔存在冲突，因此仍无法明确确定与这种人格障碍相关的神经心理学特征。因此，本研究的主要目的是提供与 BPD 相关的神经心理学功能的最新概述。对 36 项研究进行了荟萃分析，比较了 BPD 患者和健康对照组 (HC) 在多个认知领域的表现。在多个认知领域发现 BPD 患者与 HCs 之间存在显著差异。一般执行功能的效应量最小，而在长期空间记忆和抑制领域的效应量最大。总之，BPD 的神经心理学特征表现为抑制以及注意、记忆和执行功能缺陷，可能导致日常活动执行困难。因此，评估神经心理学功能可以帮助临床医生制定更有针对性的非药物治疗方案。
