Ha Kee Soo, Park Chan Mi, Lee JungHwa, Shin Jeonghee, Choi Eui Kyung, Choi Miyoung, Kim Jimin, Shin Hong Ju, Choi Byung Min, Kim Soo-Jin
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Korean Circ J. 2024 Dec;54(12):838-850. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2024.0105. Epub 2024 Jul 8.
A comprehensive survey of congenital heart disease (CHD) prevalence has not yet been conducted in South Korea. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CHDs in Korean children and lay the foundation for national CHD epidemiology.
Target patients were infantile crucial CHDs, which include critical CHDs (requiring urgent procedures after birth with common hypoxemic defects) and diverse categorical defects excluding simple shunt defects. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service over a 5-year period (2014-2018). Birth prevalence (new cases per 1,000 live births) of CHDs in Korea was analyzed and compared with that of other countries.
The birth prevalences of right heart obstructive defects (pulmonary valve stenosis and pulmonary atresia), conus anomalies (tetralogy of Fallot and double outlet right ventricle), and total anomalous pulmonary venous return showed significant increases in the East Asian group (<0.001), whereas those of left heart obstructive defects (coarctation of aorta, aortic stenosis, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome), truncus anomalies (D-transposition of great artery and persistent truncus arteriosus), atrioventricular septal defect, and hypoplastic right heart syndrome were significantly decreased in the East Asian group (<0.001).
The overall birth prevalence of crucial CHDs in Korea was similar to that of critical CHDs in previous studies from other countries. Some subtypes of right heart obstructive defects, left heart obstructive defects, and conotruncal anomalies showed significant differences between East Asian and Western populations. This study contributes to a foundation for national CHD epidemiology in Korean children.
韩国尚未对先天性心脏病（CHD）患病率进行全面调查。本研究旨在调查韩国儿童先天性心脏病的患病率，并为全国先天性心脏病流行病学研究奠定基础。
目标患者为婴儿期严重先天性心脏病，包括重症先天性心脏病（出生后需要紧急手术且伴有常见低氧血症缺陷）以及除简单分流缺陷外的各种分类缺陷。数据来自国民健康保险服务机构，时间跨度为5年（2014 - 2018年）。分析韩国先天性心脏病的出生患病率（每1000例活产中的新发病例数），并与其他国家进行比较。
东亚组中，右心梗阻性缺陷（肺动脉瓣狭窄和肺动脉闭锁）、圆锥异常（法洛四联症和右心室双出口）以及完全性肺静脉异位引流的出生患病率显著增加（<0.001），而左心梗阻性缺陷（主动脉缩窄、主动脉狭窄和左心发育不全综合征）、干下型异常（大动脉转位和永存动脉干）、房室间隔缺损和右心发育不全综合征在东亚组中的出生患病率显著降低（<0.001）。
韩国严重先天性心脏病的总体出生患病率与其他国家先前研究中的重症先天性心脏病患病率相似。右心梗阻性缺陷、左心梗阻性缺陷和圆锥干异常的某些亚型在东亚和西方人群之间存在显著差异。本研究为韩国儿童先天性心脏病流行病学研究奠定了基础。
