da Motta Portillo José Thales, Azevedo Josué Anderson Rêgo, Barbo Fausto Erritto, Sawaya Ricardo J
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho," Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil.
Programa de Coleções Científicas Biológicas, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375, Brazil.
Curr Zool. 2023 Jul 19;70(4):522-530. doi: 10.1093/cz/zoad032. eCollection 2024 Aug.
The decrease in species richness toward higher latitudes is an expected biogeographical pattern. This pattern could be related to particular environmental constraints and the evolutionary history of clades. However, species richness does not fully represent the evolutionary history of the clades behind their distributions. Phylogenetic diversity better clarifies the role of historical factors in biogeographical patterns. We analyzed environmental and historical drivers related to latitudinal variation in species richness and phylogenetic diversity of Atlantic Forest endemic snakes. We implemented species distribution models, from voucher-based locality points, to map the snake ranges and diversity. We used generalized additive mixed models to evaluate the relationships among the diversity metrics and area, topographical roughness, and past climate change velocity since the Last Maximum Glacial in the Atlantic Forest latitudinal gradient. Contrary to the expected general pattern, species richness was higher toward higher latitudes, being positively related to past climatic stability. Species richness also increased with total area and higher topographical roughness. Phylogenetic diversity, on the other hand, showed opposite relationships related to the same factors. Phylogenetic diversity increased with lower climatic stability in lower latitudes. Thus, dimensions of diversity were affected in different ways by historical and environmental constraints in this unique and threatened biodiversity hotspot.
物种丰富度随纬度升高而降低是一种预期的生物地理模式。这种模式可能与特定的环境限制和类群的进化历史有关。然而，物种丰富度并不能完全代表其分布背后类群的进化历史。系统发育多样性能更好地阐明历史因素在生物地理模式中的作用。我们分析了与大西洋森林特有蛇类物种丰富度和系统发育多样性的纬度变化相关的环境和历史驱动因素。我们从基于凭证的地点数据实施了物种分布模型，以绘制蛇类的分布范围和多样性。我们使用广义相加混合模型来评估多样性指标与面积、地形粗糙度以及自末次盛冰期以来大西洋森林纬度梯度上过去气候变化速度之间的关系。与预期的一般模式相反，物种丰富度在高纬度地区更高，且与过去的气候稳定性呈正相关。物种丰富度也随着总面积和更高的地形粗糙度而增加。另一方面，系统发育多样性与相同因素呈现相反的关系。系统发育多样性在低纬度地区随着气候稳定性降低而增加。因此，在这个独特且受到威胁的生物多样性热点地区，多样性的维度受到历史和环境限制的不同影响。
