Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Detection and Prevention in Panxi District, Xichang University, Xichang 415000, China.
Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China.
Aquat Toxicol. 2024 Oct;275:107050. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107050. Epub 2024 Aug 11.
Glyphosate, a prevalent herbicide, has raised concerns due to its potential ecological impact, especially on aquatic ecosystems. While it is crucial for managing agricultural productivity, its inadvertent effects on non-target aquatic species like the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, are not fully understood. In the present study, the neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and immune suppression of glyphosate on P. clarkii were investigated. Sublethal glyphosate exposure (5, 10 and 20 mg/L) for 96 h was found to significantly decrease AChE activity in both brain and hepatopancreas, correlating with reduced foraging efficiency and increased turnover time. Oxidative stress was evident through increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and altered antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In addition, the total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) was inhibited at 10 and 20 mg/L of glyphosate exposure. Immune assays revealed a decrease in total hemocyte counts (THC) and suppression of key immune enzyme activities and transcriptional expressions at higher concentrations, suggesting compromised immune defenses. The findings demonstrate that glyphosate can induce considerable neurotoxic and immunotoxic effects in P. clarkii, disrupting essential physiological functions and behavior.
草甘膦是一种常见的除草剂，由于其潜在的生态影响，尤其是对水生生态系统的影响，引起了人们的关注。虽然它对管理农业生产力至关重要，但它对非靶标水生物种如克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）的无意影响尚未完全了解。在本研究中，研究了草甘膦对 P. clarkii 的神经毒性、氧化应激和免疫抑制作用。发现草甘膦的亚致死浓度（5、10 和 20 mg/L）暴露 96 h 会显著降低大脑和肝胰腺中的 AChE 活性，与觅食效率降低和周转时间增加相关。通过增加脂质过氧化（LPO）和丙二醛（MDA）水平以及改变超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）等抗氧化酶的活性，可明显看出氧化应激。此外，在 10 和 20 mg/L 的草甘膦暴露下，总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）受到抑制。免疫测定显示，在较高浓度下，总血细胞计数（THC）下降，关键免疫酶活性和转录表达受到抑制，表明免疫防御受损。研究结果表明，草甘膦可诱导 P. clarkii 产生相当大的神经毒性和免疫毒性作用，破坏其重要的生理功能和行为。
