Feng Shuo, Liu Renming, Tomar Aditi, Ma Ping
Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
Department of Educational Psychology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
Psychol Rep. 2024 Aug 24:332941241277096. doi: 10.1177/00332941241277096.
: This study was conducted to explore the sex differences in the direct and indirect associations among mental health/suicidality, sleep, and screen time. : Using the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) data, 9408 participants were included in the analyses. The associations of endogenous variables (mental health and suicidality), exogenous variable (screen time), mediator (sleep), and covariates (demographic features and risky behaviors) were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model and "medsem" package, as well as logistic regression and bootstrapping methods. To explore the sex differences in the mediation effect, the Likelihood Ratio Test was used for the multiple-group analysis to compare the unconstrained model with the mediation path-constrained model. : Screen time had a significant negative association with sleep duration (female: β = -.09, < .001; male: β = -.04, < .001), positive relations to mental health problems (female: β = .10, < .001; male: β = .12; < .001), and suicidality (female: OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.13; male: OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.23). Sleep duration is negatively associated with mental health problems (female: β = -.16, < .001; male: β = -.14; < .001) and negatively associated with the likelihood of suicidality (female: .89, 95% CI: .85-.94; male: OR: .84, 95% CI: .79-.90). Furthermore, female adolescents had higher frequencies in mental health problems, higher odds ratio in suicidality, shorter sleep duration, and bigger mediation effects of sleep, compared to their male counterparts. : Mental health and suicidality were affected differently by screen time and sleep between female and male adolescents. Future research may continue to explore sex differences and their underlying reasons.
本研究旨在探讨心理健康/自杀倾向、睡眠和屏幕使用时间之间直接和间接关联中的性别差异。使用2021年青少年风险行为调查（YRBS）数据，9408名参与者被纳入分析。使用结构方程模型和“medsem”软件包，以及逻辑回归和自抽样方法，分析了内生变量（心理健康和自杀倾向）、外生变量（屏幕使用时间）、中介变量（睡眠）和协变量（人口统计学特征和危险行为）之间的关联。为了探讨中介效应中的性别差异，使用似然比检验进行多组分析，以比较无约束模型和中介路径约束模型。屏幕使用时间与睡眠时间呈显著负相关（女性：β = -0.09，p < 0.001；男性：β = -0.04，p < 0.001），与心理健康问题呈正相关（女性：β = 0.10，p < 0.001；男性：β = 0.12；p < 0.001），与自杀倾向呈正相关（女性：OR = 1.07，95% CI：1.02 - 1.13；男性：OR = 1.06，95% CI：1.01 - 1.23）。睡眠时间与心理健康问题呈负相关（女性：β = -0.16，p < 0.001；男性：β = -0.14；p < 0.001），与自杀倾向的可能性呈负相关（女性：OR = 0.89，95% CI：0.85 - 0.94；男性：OR = 0.84，95% CI：0.79 - 0.90）。此外，与男性青少年相比，女性青少年心理健康问题的发生率更高，自杀倾向的比值比更高，睡眠时间更短，睡眠的中介效应更大。女性和男性青少年的心理健康和自杀倾向受屏幕使用时间和睡眠的影响不同。未来的研究可以继续探索性别差异及其潜在原因。
