Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
Poult Sci. 2024 Nov;103(11):104128. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104128. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
Local village chicken, or "Ayam kampung" as it's known in Malaysia, is considered a premium chicken breed with a higher price than other chicken breeds. As a result of their comparable appearances and sizes, colored broiler chickens are often sold as village chickens, which is a form of food fraud that can result in a 3- to 4-fold rise in profit. Therefore, developing a breed-specific authentication method is crucial for preventing food fraud in the poultry industry. This study aims to investigate the genetic diversity of village chickens from other commercial chicken breed populations available in the market (broiler [Cobb], colored broiler [Hubbard], and layer [DeKalb]) to identify breed-specific DNA fragments as biomarkers for village chicken authentication. The Whole-genome sequencing and mutation calling of 12 chickens (3 chickens/breed) led to the identification of a total of 73,454,654 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and 8,762,338 insertion and deletions (InDel) variants, with more variants detected in the village chicken population (6,346,704 SNPs; 752,408 InDels) compared to commercial breeds. Therefore, this study revealed that village chickens were more genetically variable compared to other breeds in Malaysia. Furthermore, the breed-specific genomic region located on chromosome 1 (1:84,405,652) harboring SNP (C-T) with high discrimination power was discovered and validated which can be considered as a novel breed-specific biomarker to develop a method for accurate authentication of village chickens in Malaysia. This authentication method offers potentialw applications in the chicken industry and food safety.
本地土鸡，在马来西亚也被称为“Ayam kampung”，被认为是一种优质鸡种，价格高于其他鸡种。由于它们相似的外观和大小，彩色肉鸡经常被当作土鸡出售，这是一种食品欺诈形式，可以使利润增加 3 到 4 倍。因此，开发一种针对特定品种的鉴定方法对于防止家禽业的食品欺诈至关重要。本研究旨在调查市场上其他商业鸡种（肉鸡[Cobb]、彩色肉鸡[Hubbard]和蛋鸡[DeKalb]）中本地土鸡的遗传多样性，以确定品种特异性 DNA 片段作为本地土鸡鉴定的生物标志物。对 12 只鸡（每品种 3 只鸡）进行全基因组测序和突变分析，共鉴定出 7345.4654 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和 8762.338 个插入和缺失（InDel）变异，其中本地土鸡群体中检测到的变异更多（6346704 个 SNP；752408 个 InDel）。因此，本研究表明，与马来西亚的其他品种相比，本地土鸡的遗传变异性更高。此外，还发现并验证了位于 1 号染色体上（1:84,405,652）的品种特异性基因组区域，该区域包含具有高区分能力的 SNP（C-T），可作为一种新的品种特异性生物标志物，用于开发马来西亚本地土鸡的准确鉴定方法。这种鉴定方法在鸡肉产业和食品安全方面具有潜在的应用价值。
