Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China.
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175714. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175714. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) play vital roles in the urban water cycle, ensuring access to safe drinking water and maintaining aquatic ecosystems. This study comprehensively assessed the occurrence and risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in urban WWTPs and DWTPs. Our findings revealed widespread PPCPs presence, with concentrations ranging from <1 ng/L to several thousand ng/L. Significant regional disparities in occurrence and composition were observed linked to population types and economic structures. Furthermore, strong correlations were observed between DWTPs and WWTPs indicating consistent transport and transformation patterns of PPCPs within the urban water cycle. Approximately two-thirds of PPCPs were degraded post-WWTP treatment, with about one-tenth persisting in drinking water following surface water dilution and purification processes. Thus, we suggested that controlling the total concentration of the five priority PPCPs in the effluent from the WWTP to <1100 ng/L have potential to reduce the environmental and health risk of PPCPs. Additionally, this research identified influential water quality parameters, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature, through redundancy analysis. This research underscores the importance of establishing emission standards to mitigate PPCP-related risks and supports sustainable urban water system advancement.
城市污水处理厂（WWTP）和饮用水处理厂（DWTP）在城市水循环中起着至关重要的作用，确保人们获得安全的饮用水并维持水生生态系统的健康。本研究全面评估了城市 WWTP 和 DWTP 中药物和个人护理产品（PPCP）的出现和风险。我们的研究结果表明，PPCP 广泛存在，浓度范围从<1ng/L 到数千 ng/L。观察到与人口类型和经济结构相关的存在和组成的显著区域差异。此外，在 DWTP 和 WWTP 之间观察到强相关性，表明 PPCP 在城市水循环中的一致传输和转化模式。大约三分之二的 PPCP 在 WWTP 处理后被降解，大约十分之一的 PPCP 在地表水稀释和净化过程后仍存在于饮用水中。因此，我们建议控制 WWTP 出水中 5 种优先 PPCP 的总浓度<1100ng/L，这可能会降低 PPCP 的环境和健康风险。此外，本研究通过冗余分析确定了影响水质的重要参数，如 pH 值、溶解氧和温度。本研究强调了制定排放标准以减轻与 PPCP 相关的风险的重要性，并支持可持续城市水系统的发展。
