Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China.
Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, China.
Trends Immunol. 2024 Sep;45(9):639-648. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.07.006. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
The mammalian intestine harbors abundant T cells with high motility, where these cells can affect both intestinal and extraintestinal disorders. Growing evidence shows that gut-derived T cells migrate to extraintestinal organs, contributing to the pathogenesis of certain autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and multiple sclerosis (MS). However, three key questions require further elucidation. First, how do intestinal T cells egress from the intestine? Second, how do gut-derived T cells enter organs outside the gut? Third, what is the pathogenicity of gut-derived T cells and their correlation with the gut microenvironment? In this Opinion, we propose answers to these questions. Understanding the migration and functional regulation of gut-derived T cells might inform precise targeting for achieving safe and effective approaches to treat certain extraintestinal autoimmune diseases.
哺乳动物的肠道中存在大量具有高迁移能力的 T 细胞，这些细胞可以影响肠道和肠道外的疾病。越来越多的证据表明，肠道来源的 T 细胞迁移到肠道外的器官，导致某些自身免疫性疾病的发病机制，包括 1 型糖尿病（T1D）和多发性硬化症（MS）。然而，有三个关键问题需要进一步阐明。首先，肠道 T 细胞如何离开肠道？其次，肠道来源的 T 细胞如何进入肠道外的器官？第三，肠道来源的 T 细胞的致病性及其与肠道微环境的相关性如何？在本观点中，我们提出了对这些问题的答案。了解肠道来源的 T 细胞的迁移和功能调节可能有助于精确靶向，从而实现安全有效的治疗某些肠道外自身免疫性疾病的方法。
