生活在德黑兰的成年人的社会资本与遵守地中海饮食之间的关联：一项横断面研究。

Association of social capital and adherence to a Mediterranean diet in adults living in Tehran: a cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.

Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 24;24(1):2302. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19830-x.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-19830-x

PMID:39182058

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11344306/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Understanding the role of social capital in adherence to the Mediterranean diet can inform interventions to promote healthier eating habits in Iranian adults.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured by the Mediterranean diet score (MDS), ranging from 0 to 18. The Social Capital Questionnaire (SCQ), in which questions are scored on a 4-point Likert scale from "never" (= 1) to "always" (= 4), was used. Linear regression controlling for sex, age, marital status, BMI, education, lifestyle and chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases) and energy intake was used to calculate unstandardized coefficients (B) and 95% CIs. A total of 270 adults with a mean age of 36.76 ± 13.22 years who lived in Tehran were enrolled.

RESULTS

270 adults (118 males and 152 females) were included. Multivariate-adjusted B showed a positive association between social capital and adherence to a Mediterranean diet (β ± SE = 0.54 ± 0.15, 95% CI = 0.24, 0.84 P = 0.001). Adding energy intake as a new covariate in Model 3 was not accompanied by an enormous change (β ± SE = 0.55 ± 0.15, 95% CI = 0.24, 0.85 P ˂0.001).

CONCLUSION

This cross-sectional study indicated that better social capital in adults is significantly associated with greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet. We suggest that future studies investigate this association in larger sample sizes.

摘要

背景

了解社会资本在坚持地中海饮食中的作用，可以为促进伊朗成年人更健康饮食习惯的干预措施提供信息。

方法

这是一项横断面研究。饮食摄入量通过一份 168 项半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。采用地中海饮食评分（MDS）衡量地中海饮食的依从性，范围为 0 至 18 分。社会资本问卷（SCQ）采用 4 点 Likert 量表评分，从“从不”（=1）到“总是”（=4）。采用线性回归控制性别、年龄、婚姻状况、BMI、教育程度、生活方式和慢性病（糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常和心血管疾病）以及能量摄入，计算未标准化系数（B）和 95%置信区间（CI）。共纳入 270 名平均年龄为 36.76±13.22 岁、居住在德黑兰的成年人。

结果

共纳入 270 名成年人（118 名男性和 152 名女性）。多变量调整后的 B 显示社会资本与地中海饮食依从性呈正相关（β±SE=0.54±0.15，95%CI=0.24，0.84，P=0.001）。在模型 3 中加入能量摄入作为新的协变量并没有带来巨大的变化（β±SE=0.55±0.15，95%CI=0.24，0.85，P<0.001）。