Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland; Laboratory of Biometry, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2024 Dec;330:104318. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2024.104318. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
At altitude, factors such as decreased barometric pressure, low temperatures, and acclimatization might affect lung function. The effects of exposure and acclimatization to high-altitude on lung function were assessed in 39 subjects by repetitive spirometry up to 6022 m during a high-altitude expedition. Subjects were classified depending on the occurrence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and summit success to evaluate whether lung function relates to successful climb and risk of developing AMS. Peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) increased with progressive altitude (max. +20.2 %pred, +9.3 %pred, and +6.7 %pred, all p<0.05). Only PEF improved with acclimatization (BC1 vs. BC2, +7.2 %pred, p=0.044). At altitude FEV1 (p=0.008) and PEF (p<0.001) were lower in the AMS group. The risk of developing AMS was associated with lower baseline PEF (p<0.001) and longitudinal changes in PEF (p=0.008) and FEV1 (p<0.001). Lung function was not related to summit success (7126 m). Improvement in PEF after acclimatization might indicate respiratory muscle adaptation.
在高海拔地区，气压降低、低温和适应等因素可能会影响肺功能。在一次高海拔探险中，通过重复肺活量测定法，对 39 名受试者在海拔 6022 米处的肺功能进行了评估，以评估暴露和适应高海拔对肺功能的影响。根据急性高原病（AMS）的发生和登顶成功对受试者进行分类，以评估肺功能是否与成功登顶和发生 AMS 的风险有关。呼气峰流速（PEF）、用力肺活量（FVC）和 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV1）随海拔升高而增加（最大值分别增加 20.2%、9.3%和 6.7%，均 p<0.05）。仅 PEF 随适应而改善（BC1 与 BC2 相比，增加 7.2%，p=0.044）。在高原上，AMS 组的 FEV1（p=0.008）和 PEF（p<0.001）较低。发生 AMS 的风险与较低的基线 PEF（p<0.001）以及 PEF（p=0.008）和 FEV1（p<0.001）的纵向变化有关。肺功能与登顶成功（7126 米）无关。适应后 PEF 的改善可能表明呼吸肌适应。
