Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems, and South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175697. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175697. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Increasing the intake of dietary supplements containing antioxidant components can reduce the oral bioavailability of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and benefit human health. In this study, the effects of propolis and its extracts (kaempferol (KAE), quercetin (QR), and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)) in conjunction with proanthocyanidins (PA) on Pb and Cd bioaccessibility (BAC) and the relative bioavailability (RBA) in brown and polished rice are investigated. The results of in vitro tests showed that propolis and its extracts were effective in reducing Pb BAC in both brown and polished rice. A medium dose of PA had a significant reduction effect on Cd BAC (76 %) and RBA in both brown and polished rice. Based on mouse bioassays, the supplementation of propolis and its extracts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the Pb-RBA in brown rice, resulting in a decrease in Pb RBA from 25 % in the control group to 16.5-17.6 %. The results showed that the BAC and RBA of Pb in brown rice with dietary supplements decreased significantly, which may be related to the enhanced inhibitory effect of high Fe. It was also found that the Pb RBA was negatively correlated with the Fe content in mice kidneys. This result provided evidence that antioxidants better inhibit the bioavailability of heavy metals, highlighting that propolis and PA may be alternative dietary supplements for intervening in human Pb and Cd exposure.
增加摄入含有抗氧化成分的膳食补充剂可以降低铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）的口腔生物利用度，有益于人类健康。在这项研究中，研究了蜂胶及其提取物（山奈酚（KAE）、槲皮素（QR）和咖啡酸苯乙酯（CAPE））与原花青素（PA）联合使用对糙米和精米中 Pb 和 Cd 生物可利用性（BAC）和相对生物利用度（RBA）的影响。体外试验结果表明，蜂胶及其提取物能有效降低糙米和精米中 Pb 的 BAC。中等剂量的 PA 对糙米和精米中 Cd 的 BAC（76%）和 RBA 有显著的降低作用。基于小鼠生物测定，蜂胶及其提取物的补充显著（p<0.05）降低了糙米中 Pb 的 RBA，导致 Pb 的 RBA 从对照组的 25%降至 16.5-17.6%。结果表明，膳食补充剂使糙米中 Pb 的 BAC 和 RBA 显著降低，这可能与高 Fe 增强的抑制作用有关。还发现小鼠肾脏中 Pb 的 RBA 与 Fe 含量呈负相关。这一结果为抗氧化剂能更好地抑制重金属生物利用度提供了证据，突出表明蜂胶和 PA 可能是干预人体 Pb 和 Cd 暴露的替代膳食补充剂。
