Zhang Bo, Zhu Sijie, Li Jiangrong, Fu Fangwei, Guo Liangna, Li Jieting, Zhang Yibo, Liu Yuzhuo, Chen Ganggang, Zhang Gengxin
Research Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, China.
Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau, Ministry of Education, Nyingchi, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Aug 9;15:1444260. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1444260. eCollection 2024.
Soil fungal communities play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological functions of alpine forest soil ecosystems. However, it is currently unclear how the distribution patterns of fungal communities in different soil layers of alpine forests will change along the elevational gradients.
Therefore, Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was employed to investigate fungal communities in three soil layers (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) along an elevational gradient (3500 m to 4300 m) at Sygera Mountains, located in Bayi District, Nyingchi City, Tibet.
The results indicated that: 1) Soil depth had a greater impact on fungal diversity than elevation, demonstrating a significant reduction in fungal diversity with increased soil depth but showing no significant difference with elevation changes in all soil layers. Within the 0-10 cm soil layer, both and co-dominate the microbial community. However, as the soil depth increases to 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers, the predominantly dominates. 2) Deterministic processes were dominant in the assembly mechanism of the 0-10 cm fungal community and remained unchanged with increasing elevation. By contrast, the assembly mechanisms of the 10-20 and 20-30 cm fungal communities shifted from deterministic to stochastic processes as elevation increased. 3) The network complexity of the 0-10 cm fungal community gradually increased with elevation, while that of the 10-20 and 20-30 cm fungal communities exhibited a decreasing trend. Compared to the 0-10 cm soil layer, more changes in the relative abundance of fungal biomarkers occurred in the 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers, indicating that the fungal communities at these depths are more sensitive to climate changes. Among the key factors driving these alterations, soil temperature and moisture soil water content stood out as pivotal in shaping the assembly mechanisms and network complexity of fungal communities. This study contributes to the understanding of soil fungal community patterns and drivers along elevational gradients in alpine ecosystems and provides important scientific evidence for predicting the functional responses of soil microbial ecosystems in alpine forests.
土壤真菌群落对于维持高山森林土壤生态系统的生态功能起着至关重要的作用。然而，目前尚不清楚高山森林不同土壤层中真菌群落的分布模式将如何沿海拔梯度变化。
因此，采用Illumina MiSeq测序技术，对位于西藏林芝市八一区的色季拉山海拔梯度（3500米至4300米）的三个土壤层（0 - 10厘米、10 - 20厘米和20 - 30厘米）中的真菌群落进行了研究。
结果表明：1）土壤深度对真菌多样性的影响大于海拔高度，表明真菌多样性随土壤深度增加而显著降低，但在所有土壤层中随海拔变化无显著差异。在0 - 10厘米土壤层中， 和 共同主导微生物群落。然而，随着土壤深度增加到10 - 20厘米和20 - 30厘米土壤层， 占主导地位。2）确定性过程在0 - 10厘米真菌群落的组装机制中占主导地位，且随海拔升高保持不变。相比之下，10 - 20厘米和20 - 30厘米真菌群落的组装机制随着海拔升高从确定性过程转变为随机过程。3）0 - 10厘米真菌群落的网络复杂性随海拔升高逐渐增加，而10 - 20厘米和20 - 30厘米真菌群落的网络复杂性呈下降趋势。与0 - 10厘米土壤层相比，10 - 20厘米和20 - 30厘米土壤层中真菌生物标志物的相对丰度变化更多，表明这些深度的真菌群落对气候变化更敏感。在驱动这些变化的关键因素中，土壤温度和土壤水分含量在塑造真菌群落的组装机制和网络复杂性方面最为关键。本研究有助于理解高山生态系统中沿海拔梯度的土壤真菌群落模式和驱动因素，并为预测高山森林土壤微生物生态系统的功能响应提供重要科学依据。
