Webb Ian K
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
Int J Mass Spectrom. 2024 Oct;504. doi: 10.1016/j.ijms.2024.117312. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
The ability to observe intact proteins by native mass spectrometry allows measurements of size, oligomeric state, numbers and types of ligands and post translational modifications bound, among many other characteristics. These studies have the potential to, and in some cases are, advancing our understanding of the role of structure in protein biology and biochemistry. However, there are some long-unresolved questions about to what extent solution-like structures persist without solvent in the vacuum of the mass spectrometer. Strong evidence from multiple sources over the years has demonstrated that well-folded proteins maintain native-like states if care is taken during sample preparation, ionization, and transmission through the gas phase. For partially unfolded states, dynamic and disordered proteins, and other important landmarks along the protein folding/unfolding pathway, caution has been urged in the interpretation of the results of native ion mobility/mass spectrometric data. New gas-phase tools allow us to provide insight into these questions with labeling reactions delivered through ion/ion chemistry. This Young Scientist Perspective demonstrates the robustness of these tools in describing native-like structure as well as possible deviations from native-like structure during native ion mobility/mass spectrometry. This Perspective illustrates some of the changes in structure produced by the removal of solvent and details some of the challenges and potential of the field.
通过天然质谱法观察完整蛋白质的能力,使得我们能够测量蛋白质的大小、寡聚状态、结合配体的数量和类型以及翻译后修饰等许多其他特征。这些研究有潜力,并且在某些情况下正在推动我们对结构在蛋白质生物学和生物化学中作用的理解。然而,关于在质谱仪的真空中没有溶剂的情况下,类似溶液的结构能在多大程度上持续存在,存在一些长期未解决的问题。多年来来自多个来源的有力证据表明,如果在样品制备、电离以及通过气相传输过程中小心操作,折叠良好的蛋白质会保持类似天然的状态。对于部分未折叠状态、动态和无序的蛋白质以及蛋白质折叠/去折叠途径上的其他重要标志性结构,在解释天然离子淌度/质谱数据的结果时一直有人提醒要谨慎。新的气相工具使我们能够通过离子/离子化学进行标记反应,从而深入了解这些问题。这篇青年科学家观点文章展示了这些工具在描述类似天然结构以及在天然离子淌度/质谱分析过程中可能偏离类似天然结构方面的稳健性。这篇观点文章阐述了去除溶剂所产生的一些结构变化,并详细介绍了该领域的一些挑战和潜力。