Hamed Nazim F, Alatawi Yousef Dakheel Allah, AlKabbani Danya Mohammed Zuhair
General Pediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, Tabuk, SAU.
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Security Forces Hospital Dammam, Dammam, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 24;16(7):e65263. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65263. eCollection 2024 Jul.
This study examined sickle cell disease (SCD) in Saudi Arabia. A systematic search of relevant databases was conducted to identify studies investigating SCD in the Saudi population. Studies were then screened based on predefined criteria and critically appraised for methodological quality. Data was extracted and synthesized to provide an overall picture of the SCD burden in Saudi Arabia. The most commonly reported complications were vaso-occlusive crises (VOC), acute chest syndrome (ACS), acute painful crisis, splenic sequestration, osteomyelitis, aplastic crisis, hemolytic crisis, serious bacterial infections, chronic vascular occlusion (CVO), depression, sickle cell nephropathy (SCN), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and renal complications. Reduced blood levels of antioxidant trace elements (Cu, Zn, and Se) may encourage oxidative stress, which in turn may contribute to the pathophysiology of SCD. Infections and ACS were common among young children (<7 years) while pain attacks were common in older children (>7 years). The high rate of hospitalizations among SCD patients highlights the need for better management strategies. Future research should focus on understanding the underlying causes of SCD complications and developing new ways to control them.
本研究对沙特阿拉伯的镰状细胞病（SCD）进行了调查。对相关数据库进行了系统检索，以确定针对沙特人群中镰状细胞病的研究。然后根据预先设定的标准对研究进行筛选，并对其方法学质量进行严格评估。提取并综合数据，以全面了解沙特阿拉伯镰状细胞病的负担情况。最常报告的并发症包括血管闭塞性危机（VOC）、急性胸综合征（ACS）、急性疼痛性危机、脾隔离症、骨髓炎、再生障碍性危机、溶血性危机、严重细菌感染、慢性血管闭塞（CVO）、抑郁症、镰状细胞肾病（SCN）、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）以及肾脏并发症。抗氧化微量元素（铜、锌和硒）血液水平降低可能会引发氧化应激，进而可能导致镰状细胞病的病理生理过程。感染和急性胸综合征在幼儿（<7岁）中较为常见，而疼痛发作在大龄儿童（>7岁）中较为常见。镰状细胞病患者的高住院率凸显了采取更好管理策略的必要性。未来的研究应侧重于了解镰状细胞病并发症的潜在原因，并开发控制这些并发症的新方法。
