Ren Yifan
Department of Paediatrics, Shaoxing Keqiao Women and Children's Hospital, Shaoxing, CHN.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 23;16(7):e65221. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65221. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. Delayed treatment can lead to coronary artery (CA) abnormalities, potentially causing myocardial ischemia, infarction, and death. Younger age is a risk factor for developing bilateral large CA aneurysms in KD patients. A one-and-a-half-month-old infant presented with fever and elevated inflammatory markers. Post-admission ceftriaxone injections were ineffective. Subsequently, the patient experienced recurrent high fevers, accompanied by rashes, erythema, and induration of the palms and soles, erythema, swelling at the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar site, cracked lips, and conjunctival hyperemia, all of which were indicative of KD. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin were administered on the third day of fever. Follow-ups at one, three, six, and 12 months post discharge revealed normal findings. This case demonstrates that even very young infants can develop complete KD, and early treatment can prevent CA complications.
川崎病（KD）是发达国家儿童后天性心脏病的主要病因。治疗延迟可导致冠状动脉（CA）异常，可能引起心肌缺血、梗死和死亡。年龄较小是KD患者发生双侧大型CA动脉瘤的危险因素。一名1个半月大的婴儿出现发热和炎症标志物升高。入院后注射头孢曲松无效。随后，患者反复高热，伴有皮疹、红斑、手掌和足底硬结、卡介苗（BCG）瘢痕部位红斑、肿胀、嘴唇干裂和结膜充血，所有这些均提示KD。发热第三天给予静脉注射免疫球蛋白（IVIG）和阿司匹林。出院后1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月的随访结果均正常。该病例表明，即使是非常小的婴儿也可能患完全性KD，早期治疗可预防CA并发症。
