Vetter Ralf, Dobrosovestnova Anna, Frijns Helena Anna, Vogel Laura, Brunnmayr Katharina, Frauenberger Christopher
Human-Computer Interaction Division, Department for Artificial Intelligence and Human Interfaces, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Institute of Visual Computing and Human-Centered Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.
Front Robot AI. 2024 Aug 9;11:1347367. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2024.1347367. eCollection 2024.
The care sector has become one of the test beds for developing robotic technologies, which have been promised to mitigate problems with aging populations and labor shortages. Despite these promises, the practical application of such technologies have been met with limited success. Apart from technical limitations, other challenges exist in the way we approach designing these technologies. Critical to the development in the care sector is understanding the complexity of the contexts, the needs and goals of diverse actors, and how these are socio-materially scaffolded. This paper presents a study conducted at the intersection of a value sensitive design and speculative design to understand these sensitivities. Based on the data collected in interviews (n = 6) and card workshops (n = 6) from care workers and residents in mobile care and care home contexts in Austria, we developed five themes capturing situated practices and understandings of good care as built on trust-developing routines, negotiations between different actors, affective and reciprocal dimension of care, care worker self-care, and material mediations. Subsequently, we created six speculative vignettes which serve as rhetorical devices to emphasize the tensions that arise with any technological intervention entering and reshaping existing care practices and relations. We argue that our approach can support robot designers to develop a rich understanding of the values and tensions in the specific context under study from the before design and development begin.
护理领域已成为开发机器人技术的试验场之一，人们期望这些技术能缓解人口老龄化和劳动力短缺问题。尽管有这些期望，但此类技术的实际应用取得的成功有限。除了技术限制外，我们在设计这些技术的方式上还存在其他挑战。护理领域发展的关键在于理解环境的复杂性、不同行为者的需求和目标，以及这些是如何在社会物质层面上构建起来的。本文介绍了一项在价值敏感设计和推测性设计交叉点进行的研究，以理解这些敏感性。基于在奥地利移动护理和养老院环境中对护理人员和居民进行的访谈（n = 6）和卡片研讨会（n = 6）所收集的数据，我们提出了五个主题，这些主题体现了基于建立信任的日常活动、不同行为者之间的协商、护理的情感和互惠维度、护理人员的自我护理以及物质调解而形成的良好护理的情境实践和理解。随后，我们创作了六个推测性的小插曲，作为一种修辞手段，用以强调任何技术干预进入并重塑现有护理实践和关系时所产生的紧张关系。我们认为，我们的方法可以支持机器人设计师在设计和开发开始之前，对所研究的特定背景下的价值观和紧张关系有深入的理解。
