Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 26;19(8):e0309018. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309018. eCollection 2024.
The effects of pressure drop across cardiac valve cushion regions and endocardial wall strain in the early developmental stages of a teleost species heart are poorly understood. In the presented work, we utilize microscale particle image velocimetry (μPIV) flow measurements of developing medaka hearts from 3 to 14 dpf (n = 5 at each dpf) to quantify the pressure field and endocardial wall strain. Peak pressure drop at the atrioventricular canal (ΔPAVC) and outflow tract (ΔPOFT) show a steady increase with fish age progression. Pressure drops when non-dimensionalized with blood viscosity and heart rate at each dpf are comparable with measurements in zebrafish hearts. Retrograde flows captured at these regions display a negative pressure drop. A novel metric, Endocardial Work (EW), is introduced by analyzing the ΔPAVC-strain curves, which is a non-invasive measure of work required for ventricle filling. EW is a metric that can differentiate between the linear heart stage (< 100 Pa-%), cardiac looped chamber stage (< 300 Pa-%), and the fully formed chamber stage (> 300 Pa-%).
在硬骨鱼类心脏早期发育阶段，心脏瓣膜垫区域的压降和心内膜壁应变的影响尚未得到很好的理解。在本工作中，我们利用微尺度粒子图像测速（μPIV）对 3 至 14 天龄（每个龄期 n = 5）的发育中的斑马鱼心脏进行了流动测量，以量化压力场和心内膜壁应变。房室管（ΔPAVC）和流出道（ΔPOFT）处的峰值压降随鱼龄的增加而呈稳定增加。在每个龄期用血液粘度和心率进行无量纲化的压降与斑马鱼心脏的测量值相当。在这些区域捕获的逆行流显示出负压降。通过分析 ΔPAVC-应变曲线引入了一种新的度量指标，即心内膜功（EW），这是衡量心室充盈所需功的一种非侵入性指标。EW 是一种可以区分线性心脏阶段（<100 Pa-％）、心脏环腔阶段（<300 Pa-％）和完全形成腔室阶段（>300 Pa-％）的度量指标。
