Izawa Sho, Nishii Kazuhiro, Aizu Naoki, Kito Takumi, Iwata Daiki, Chihara Takeshi, Sawada Hirohide, Yao Runhong, Yamada Kouji
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan,
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2024;53(6):329-337. doi: 10.1159/000541093. Epub 2024 Aug 26.
Exercise has been recommended to suppress or prevent cognitive decline. Aerobic exercise (AE) may suppress cognitive decline via the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, and resistance training (RT) has a preventive effect on cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study verified the differences in the effects of AE and RT in suppressing and preventing cognitive decline based on the FNDC5/irisin/BDNF pathway.
We divided senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 into three groups: control (CON), AE, and RT and evaluated their memory during exercise intervention through a novel object recognition (NOR) task. We quantified FNDC5/irisin, mBDNF, and TrkB in the hippocampus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and FNDC5 in skeletal muscle using Western blotting (WB).
Behavioral analysis using NOR showed that values for both AE and RT were significantly greater than those for CON. WB analysis showed that the peripheral FNDC5 expression in the skeletal muscle was increased in AE. The expression levels of FNDC5/irisin and mBDNF in the hippocampus were significantly increased in both AE and RT compared with that in CON but that if TrkB was increased only in AE.
No significant difference was observed between AE and RT in the inhibitory effect on age-related cognitive decline, and both groups were effective. The FNDC5/Irisin/BDNF pathway, which was the focus of this experiment, may be specific to AE. The mechanism that suppresses cognitive decline may differ depending on the type of exercise.
运动已被推荐用于抑制或预防认知衰退。有氧运动（AE）可能通过含III型纤连蛋白结构域蛋白5（FNDC5）/鸢尾素/脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）途径抑制认知衰退，而抗阻训练（RT）对认知衰退具有预防作用。然而，其潜在机制仍不清楚。本研究基于FNDC5/鸢尾素/BDNF途径验证了AE和RT在抑制和预防认知衰退方面的效果差异。
我们将快速老化小鼠易感8分为三组：对照组（CON）、AE组和RT组，并通过新物体识别（NOR）任务在运动干预期间评估它们的记忆力。我们使用酶联免疫吸附测定法对海马体中的FNDC5/鸢尾素、成熟BDNF和酪氨酸激酶受体B（TrkB）进行定量，并使用蛋白质免疫印迹法（WB）对骨骼肌中的FNDC5进行定量。
使用NOR进行的行为分析表明，AE组和RT组的值均显著高于CON组。WB分析表明，AE组骨骼肌中外周FNDC5的表达增加。与CON组相比，AE组和RT组海马体中FNDC5/鸢尾素和成熟BDNF的表达水平均显著增加，但TrkB仅在AE组中增加。
在对与年龄相关的认知衰退的抑制作用方面，未观察到AE组和RT组之间存在显著差异，两组均有效。本实验重点关注的FNDC5/鸢尾素/BDNF途径可能是AE所特有的。抑制认知衰退的机制可能因运动类型而异。
