Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Oct;278(Pt 4):134946. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134946. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators of cellular processes, with their dysregulation linked to various disease states. Among the structural motifs in lncRNAs, RNA G-quadruplexes (rG4s) have gained increasing attention due to their diverse roles in cellular function and disease pathogenesis. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview of rG4s in lncRNAs, elucidating their formation, interaction with proteins, and distinctive roles in cellular processes. We discuss current methodologies for experimentally probing RNA G4s, including the use of specific small molecules, biomolecular ligands and fluorescent probes. The commonly found RNA G4-interacting protein domains are summarised along with potential strategies for disrupting lncRNA G4-protein interactions from a therapeutic perspective.
长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）已成为细胞过程的关键调节因子，其失调与各种疾病状态有关。在 lncRNA 的结构基序中，RNA 四链体（rG4）因其在细胞功能和疾病发病机制中的多种作用而受到越来越多的关注。本综述提供了 lncRNA 中 rG4 的最新和全面概述，阐明了它们的形成、与蛋白质的相互作用以及在细胞过程中的独特作用。我们讨论了目前用于实验探测 RNA G4 的方法学，包括使用特定的小分子、生物分子配体和荧光探针。总结了常见的 RNA G4 相互作用蛋白结构域，并从治疗角度提出了潜在的策略来破坏 lncRNA G4-蛋白相互作用。
