Delunardo Anderson R, Magalhães Gabriela V, Rinaldi Natalia M
Biomechanical Analysis of Movement Laboratory (Bio. Mov), Physical Education and Sports Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Motor Control. 2024 Aug 26;29(1):17-36. doi: 10.1123/mc.2024-0013. Print 2025 Jan 1.
Attentional focus strategies, especially external focus, are associated with improvements in mechanisms of postural control. This can be important in reducing sports injuries in practices such as running, which has seen an increase in adherence. However, the impacts of these strategies on postural control in runners are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of internal and external focus strategies on postural control performance with different bases of support tasks in runners. A total of 19 young adults (18-38 years old) were divided into a running group (n = 9) and a control group (n = 10). Posturography tests were performed on stable and unstable surfaces, under control, and internal and external focus conditions. The distance, mean velocity, and total velocity of the center of pressure were analyzed (p ≤ .05). There was a reduction in oscillation under external focus compared to internal and control conditions, as well as under internal focus compared to the control condition. A Group × Surface × Focus interaction for the variables distance and mean velocity in the mediolateral direction was found only for the control group. However, no significant effects were found between groups for postural control performance. Attentional focus strategies were able to reduce postural sway, with external focus condition being the most effective. Practitioners can benefit from these strategies to increase postural control performance to help reduce the number of injuries and improve sports performance. It is speculated that the effects of attentional control strategies on postural control may differ depending on the specific adaptations of each sport.
注意力焦点策略，尤其是外部焦点，与姿势控制机制的改善有关。这对于减少跑步等运动中的损伤可能很重要，而跑步运动的参与度有所增加。然而，这些策略对跑步者姿势控制的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨内部和外部焦点策略对跑步者在不同支撑任务基础上的姿势控制表现的影响。共有19名年轻人（18 - 38岁）被分为跑步组（n = 9）和对照组（n = 10）。在稳定和不稳定表面上，在对照、内部和外部焦点条件下进行姿势描记测试。分析了压力中心的距离、平均速度和总速度（p≤0.05）。与内部和对照条件相比，外部焦点下的振荡有所减少，与对照条件相比，内部焦点下的振荡也有所减少。仅在对照组中发现了在内外侧方向上变量距离和平均速度的组×表面×焦点交互作用。然而，在姿势控制表现上，组间未发现显著影响。注意力焦点策略能够减少姿势摆动，其中外部焦点条件最为有效。从业者可以从这些策略中受益，以提高姿势控制表现，帮助减少损伤数量并改善运动表现。据推测，注意力控制策略对姿势控制的影响可能因每项运动的具体适应性而异。
