University of Georgia, 77, M. Kostava Street, Tbilisi 0171, Georgia.
J Int Med Res. 2024 Aug;52(8):3000605241271770. doi: 10.1177/03000605241271770.
We investigated the role of serum 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in COVID-related health outcomes.
We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using data of the National Center of Disease Control and Public Health, Georgia. We extracted patient data including length of hospital stay, transfer to the intensive care unit, requirement for oxygen therapy, treatment with glucocorticoids, and symptoms. After obtaining written informed consent, 384 individuals were enrolled. We divided participants into three groups according to 25(OH)D levels: group 1 = 25(OH)D <12 ng/mL (n = 83), group 2 = 25(OH)D 12-20 ng/mL (n = 141), and group 3 = 25(OH)D >20 ng/mL (n = 160).
The odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization in group 1 versus group 2 was 8.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.6-21.3) and 5.6 for group 1 versus 3 (95% CI 2.7-11.9). Regarding oxygen therapy, OR = 28.41 for group 1 versus 2 (95% CI 3.7-220.5) and OR = 5.2 for group 1 versus 3 (95% CI 1.9-14.1). Regarding treatment with glucocorticoids, OR = 3.7 for group 1 versus 2 (95% CI 1.1-12.5) and OR = 8.4 for group 1 versus 3 (95% CI 1.8-40.7).
COVID-19-related morbidity was associated with decreased serum 25(OH)D levels. Future studies should investigate the potential role of vitamin D sufficiency in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality.
研究血清 25（OH）D（25-羟维生素 D）在与 COVID 相关的健康结果中的作用。
我们使用佐治亚州疾病控制和公共卫生国家中心的数据进行了回顾性横断面研究。我们提取了包括住院时间、转入重症监护病房、需要氧疗、糖皮质激素治疗和症状在内的患者数据。在获得书面知情同意后，共纳入 384 名参与者。我们根据 25（OH）D 水平将参与者分为三组：组 1=25（OH）D<12ng/mL（n=83），组 2=25（OH）D 12-20ng/mL（n=141），组 3=25（OH）D>20ng/mL（n=160）。
与组 2 相比，组 1 住院的优势比（OR）为 8.7（95%置信区间 [CI] 3.6-21.3），组 1 与组 3 相比为 5.6（95% CI 2.7-11.9）。关于氧疗，与组 2 相比，组 1 的 OR=28.41（95% CI 3.7-220.5），与组 3 相比为 5.2（95% CI 1.9-14.1）。关于糖皮质激素治疗，与组 2 相比，组 1 的 OR=3.7（95% CI 1.1-12.5），与组 3 相比为 8.4（95% CI 1.8-40.7）。
COVID-19 相关发病率与血清 25（OH）D 水平降低有关。未来的研究应探讨维生素 D 充足在预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染和死亡率方面的潜在作用。
