Kuang Gaizhen, Zhang Qingfei, Jia Jinxuan, Yu Yunru
Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland.
Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health) Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou China.
Smart Med. 2022 Dec 27;1(1):e20220034. doi: 10.1002/SMMD.20220034. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Biological organisms play important roles in human health, either in a commensal or pathogenic manner. Harnessing inactivated organisms or living organisms is a promising way to treat diseases. As two types of freezing, cryoablation makes it simple to inactivate organisms that must be in a non-pathogenic state when needed, while cryopreservation is a facile way to address the problem of long-term storage challenged by living organism-based therapy. In this review, we present the latest studies of freezing biological organisms for biomedical applications. To begin with, the freezing strategies of cryoablation and cryopreservation, as well as their corresponding technical essentials, are illustrated. Besides, biomedical applications of freezing biological organisms are presented, including transplantation, tissue regeneration, anti-infection therapy, and anti-tumor therapy. The challenges and prospects of freezing living organisms for biomedical applications are well discussed. We believe that the freezing method will provide a potential direction for the standardization and commercialization of inactivated or living organism-based therapeutic systems, and promote the clinical application of organism-based therapy.
生物有机体在人类健康中发挥着重要作用，无论是以共生还是致病的方式。利用灭活的有机体或活的有机体是一种很有前景的疾病治疗方法。作为两种冷冻方式，冷冻消融使得在需要时将必须处于非致病状态的有机体灭活变得简单，而冷冻保存则是解决基于活生物体治疗所面临的长期储存问题的一种简便方法。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了用于生物医学应用的冷冻生物有机体的最新研究。首先，阐述了冷冻消融和冷冻保存的冷冻策略及其相应的技术要点。此外，还介绍了冷冻生物有机体的生物医学应用，包括移植、组织再生、抗感染治疗和抗肿瘤治疗。对用于生物医学应用的冷冻活生物体所面临的挑战和前景进行了充分讨论。我们相信，冷冻方法将为基于灭活或活生物体的治疗系统的标准化和商业化提供一个潜在方向，并促进基于生物体治疗的临床应用。
