Lan Anat, Stukalin Yelena, Einat Haim
School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel-Aviv-Yaffo Academic College, Tel-Aviv 6818211, Israel.
Clocks Sleep. 2024 Jul 23;6(3):312-321. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep6030022.
Chronotype reflects the morningness-eveningness preference over a 24 h period. Significant data indicate meaningful differences between evening types (ETs) and morning types (MTs) in behavior, personality traits, health, and well-being. This study explores the interactions between chronotype, sleep, personality, and life satisfaction among 254 undergraduate college students (mean age 23.79 ± 1.85). Using online questionnaires, the participants provided demographic information and completed assessments, including the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a shortened version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), and a life satisfaction uniscale measure. The results revealed a significant association between chronotype and both life satisfaction and sleep quality, where ETs exhibited poorer outcomes compared to MTs. Additionally, the chronotype correlated with agreeableness and conscientiousness, with later chronotypes linked to reduced scores in these personality traits. A key finding in this study was revealed in a mediation analysis in which sleep quality was found to mediate the relationship between chronotype and life satisfaction. The mediation analysis highlighted sleep quality as a crucial process connecting chronotype to life satisfaction. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing sleep quality in interventions aimed at enhancing life satisfaction and overall well-being among ETs. Overall, our results provide valuable insights into the intricate relationships between chronotype, personality, sleep quality, and subjective well-being.
昼夜节律类型反映了在24小时周期内对早晨型-夜晚型的偏好。大量数据表明，夜晚型（ETs）和早晨型（MTs）在行为、人格特质、健康和幸福感方面存在显著差异。本研究探讨了254名本科大学生（平均年龄23.79±1.85岁）的昼夜节律类型、睡眠、人格和生活满意度之间的相互作用。参与者通过在线问卷提供人口统计学信息并完成评估，包括晨型-夜型问卷（MEQ）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、大五人格量表简版（BFI-10）和生活满意度单维度测量。结果显示，昼夜节律类型与生活满意度和睡眠质量均存在显著关联，其中夜晚型的结果比早晨型更差。此外，昼夜节律类型与宜人性和尽责性相关，较晚的昼夜节律类型与这些人格特质得分降低有关。本研究的一项关键发现来自中介分析，结果发现睡眠质量在昼夜节律类型和生活满意度之间起中介作用。中介分析强调睡眠质量是连接昼夜节律类型与生活满意度的关键过程。这些发现强调了在旨在提高夜晚型人群生活满意度和整体幸福感的干预措施中解决睡眠质量问题的重要性。总体而言，我们的结果为昼夜节律类型、人格、睡眠质量和主观幸福感之间的复杂关系提供了有价值的见解。
