Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 11;20(2):1305. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021305.
Circadian rhythms have emerged as key influences on lifestyle behaviors. Circadian rhythms vary inter-individually, and people can be stratified by circadian preference, known as their chronotype, from extreme morning types to extreme evening types. Young adults undergo chronotype changes that involve shifts from morning to evening types. We aimed to examine the association between chronotype and obesity-related lifestyle behaviors, including dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep patterns, among young females. A total of 387 college female students aged 18-25 years completed this cross-sectional study. The participants were classified into three groups (morning, intermediate, and evening types) according to the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ; long version) score. Each individual's anthropometry and body composition were measured. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. The Bouchard Three-Day Physical Activity Record was used to assess physical activity levels. Sleep patterns were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The differences between chronotype groups were tested using a Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA. The chronotypes were significantly associated with sleep quality ( = 0.010) and daytime sleepiness ( = 0.035). However, no significant associations between dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep duration with the chronotypes were found. Our results show that both sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were associated with the chronotypes. Further research is warranted to identify the potential bidirectional associations between circadian rhythms and lifestyle behaviors among different age groups.
昼夜节律已成为影响生活方式行为的关键因素。昼夜节律在个体之间存在差异，人们可以根据昼夜节律偏好（即他们的生物钟类型）进行分层，从极端的晨型到极端的晚型。年轻人的生物钟类型会发生变化，从晨型转变为晚型。我们旨在研究生物钟类型与肥胖相关的生活方式行为之间的关联，包括年轻女性的饮食摄入、体力活动和睡眠模式。共有 387 名年龄在 18-25 岁的女大学生参与了这项横断面研究。根据 Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire（MEQ；长版）的得分，将参与者分为三组（晨型、中间型和晚型）。测量每个个体的人体测量和身体成分。通过 24 小时膳食回忆评估饮食摄入量。使用 Bouchard 三日体力活动记录评估体力活动水平。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和 Epworth 嗜睡量表（ESS）评估睡眠模式。使用卡方检验和单因素方差分析检验了不同生物钟类型组之间的差异。生物钟类型与睡眠质量（ = 0.010）和白天嗜睡（ = 0.035）显著相关。然而，饮食摄入、体力活动和睡眠时间与生物钟类型之间没有显著关联。我们的研究结果表明，睡眠质量和白天嗜睡都与生物钟类型有关。需要进一步研究以确定不同年龄组之间昼夜节律与生活方式行为之间的潜在双向关联。
