Miguel-Ortega Álvaro, Calleja-González Julio, Mielgo-Ayuso Juan
Faculty of Education, Alfonso X "The Wise" University (UAX), 28691 Madrid, Spain.
International Doctoral School, University of Murcia (UM), 30003 Murcia, Spain.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2024 Jul 31;9(3):133. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9030133.
The testosterone to cortisol ratio (T:C ratio) is a measure of whether elite athletes are recovering from their training. This study described this hormone balance stress in elite women's basketball. (1) Objectives: to analyse the fluctuation of T:C ratio over a 16-week period and explore itis relation to their athletic performance. The participants characteristics were: (height: 177.6 ± 6.4 cm; body mass: 77.808 ± 12.396 kg age: 26.0 ± 5.9 years; and a playing experience of 14.7 ± 2.9 years with 5.0 ± 1.2 years at the elite level. The T:C ratio at Time 1 is: 4.0 ± 2.4 ( = 12); and at Time 2 is: 5.1 ± 4.3 ( = 12). (2) Methods: during 16 weeks of competition, participants underwent analysis of blood samples to assess various biochemical parameters including hormone levels. In addition, their athletic performance was assessed with the following tests: jumping (SJ, CMJ, ABK, DJ); throwing test with a medicine ball (3 kg); Illinois COD agility test; sprint repeatability with change of direction; 20-m speed test without change of direction; and Yo-yo intermittent endurance test IET (II). (3) Results: The main alterations observed were an increase in T levels (1.687%) and a decrease in C levels (-7.634%) between moments, with an improvement (26.366%) in the T:C ratio. Improvements were also observed in some of the tests developed, such as jumping (SJ: 11.5%, = 0.029; CMJ: 10.5%, = 0.03; DJ: 13.0%, = 0.01), upper body strength (MBT: 5.4%, = 0.03), translation ability (20 m: -1.7%), repeated sprint ability (RSA: -2.2%), as well as intermittent endurance test (Yy (IET): 63.5%, = 0.01), with significant changes in some of the performance tests. (4) Conclusions: T:C ratio may differ in a manner unrelated to training volume, showing some variation. These results may be attributed to the accumulation of psychophysiological stress during the season.
睾酮与皮质醇比值（T:C比值）是衡量精英运动员训练恢复情况的一个指标。本研究描述了精英女子篮球运动员的这种激素平衡压力。（1）目的：分析16周内T:C比值的波动情况，并探讨其与运动表现的关系。参与者特征为：（身高：177.6±6.4厘米；体重：77.808±12.396千克；年龄：26.0±5.9岁；运动经验14.7±2.9年，精英水平运动经验5.0±1.2年。时间1的T:C比值为：4.0±2.4（n = 12）；时间2的T:C比值为：5.1±4.3（n = 12）。（2）方法：在16周的比赛期间，参与者接受血液样本分析，以评估包括激素水平在内的各种生化参数。此外，通过以下测试评估她们的运动表现：跳跃（立定跳远、纵跳、助跑单脚跳、双脚跳）；3千克药球投掷测试；伊利诺伊敏捷性变向测试；变向短跑重复性测试；20米直线速度测试；以及Yo-yo间歇耐力测试I（YY（IET））。（3）结果：观察到的主要变化是，两个时间点之间T水平升高（1.687%），C水平降低（-7.634%），T:C比值提高（26.366%）。在开展的一些测试中也观察到了改善情况，如跳跃（立定跳远：11.5%，p = 0.029；纵跳：10.5%，p = 0.03；双脚跳：13.0%，p = 0.01）、上肢力量（药球投掷：5.4%，p = 0.03）、变向能力（20米：-1.7%）、反复冲刺能力（RSA：-2.2%）以及间歇耐力测试（YY（IET）：63.5%，p = 0.01），一些性能测试有显著变化。（4）结论：T:C比值可能以与训练量无关的方式存在差异，表现出一定变化。这些结果可能归因于赛季期间心理生理压力的积累。
