Linnik Ljudmila, Turan Nuray, Polat Dünya Cansu, Lahtinen Kati, Franck Teija, Valta Maija, Ayoğlu Tuluha, Akyüz Nuray, Coutinho Verónica, Paiva Luis, Brito Irma, Colomer-Pérez Natura, Giménez-Espert María Del Carmen, Buigues Cristina, Cauli Omar
Tallinn Health Care College, 13418 Tallinn, Estonia.
Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey.
Nurs Rep. 2024 Aug 11;14(3):1973-1986. doi: 10.3390/nursrep14030147.
Adherence to hand hygiene procedures is crucial for all populations, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has implemented specific guidelines for infection control. Frequent and correct hand hygiene can prevent infections, but non-compliance with hand hygiene is pervasive. Nursing students address this issue from the beginning of their training. In nursing training, self-efficacy is crucial in enhancing students' competence, motivation, and clinical performance. We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study in five European countries, with a cross-sectional design with an online application of an instrument measuring hand hygiene knowledge based on WHO guidelines and general self-efficacy and specific self-efficacy for infection control. A total of 638 first-year nursing students participated in this study. The mean percentage of correct answers was 67.9%, with a considerable difference depending on the items. The worst results were obtained for questions related to sources of infection and types of hand hygiene methods in different situations. Finnish students displayed significantly ( < 0.001) higher scores in HH knowledge, whereas Estonian students had significantly ( < 0.001) higher levels of self-efficacy. There were significant correlations between the hand hygiene knowledge score and the self-efficacy score ( < 0.001). A multivariate analysis by linear regression analysis showed significant associations between the hand hygiene knowledge survey score and the students' age ( < 0.001, OR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.10), as well as their country of origin ( = 0.01, OR = 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.34). HH knowledge is quite low among nursing students, and is correlated with self-efficacy, although the strongest predictors are age and country of origin. Different nursing curricula must favor HH knowledge, with varying degrees of emphasis depending on the country.
坚持手部卫生程序对所有人群都至关重要，世界卫生组织（WHO）已实施了具体的感染控制指南。频繁且正确的手部卫生可预防感染，但手部卫生的不依从现象普遍存在。护理专业学生从培训伊始就会接触到这个问题。在护理培训中，自我效能对于提高学生的能力、动力和临床表现至关重要。我们在五个欧洲国家进行了一项横断面多中心研究，采用横断面设计，通过在线应用一种基于WHO指南的测量手部卫生知识、一般自我效能和感染控制特定自我效能的工具。共有638名一年级护理专业学生参与了本研究。正确答案的平均百分比为67.9%，不同项目之间存在显著差异。与感染源和不同情况下手部卫生方法类型相关的问题得分最差。芬兰学生在手部卫生知识方面的得分显著更高（<0.001），而爱沙尼亚学生的自我效能水平显著更高（<0.001）。手部卫生知识得分与自我效能得分之间存在显著相关性（<0.001）。通过线性回归分析进行的多变量分析显示，手部卫生知识调查得分与学生年龄（<0.001，OR = 0.18，95%CI 0.04 - 0.10）以及他们的原籍国（= 0.01，OR = 0.09，95%CI 0.03 - 0.34）之间存在显著关联。护理专业学生的手部卫生知识相当低，且与自我效能相关，尽管最强的预测因素是年龄和原籍国。不同的护理课程必须注重手部卫生知识，根据国家不同，强调程度也有所不同。
