Alcalá-Cerrillo María, González-Sánchez Josefa, González-Bernal Jerónimo J, Santamaría-Peláez Mirian, Fernández-Solana Jessica, Sánchez Gómez Sara M, Gómez-Martín Ana
Social Impact and Innovation in Health, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Health Science Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, Paseo de los Comendadores s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
Nurs Rep. 2024 Aug 14;14(3):1987-1997. doi: 10.3390/nursrep14030148.
Burns are a common and severe medical emergency requiring immediate specialized care to minimize damage and prevent complications. Burn severity depends on depth, extent, and location, with more complex care needed for burns on critical areas or extensive burns. Nursing is essential in burn management, providing immediate care, adapting treatments, managing pain, preventing infections, and offering emotional support for recovery. The study aims to analyse the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of burns treated at the Hospital Emergency Department of the Hospital Complex of Cáceres (Spain) from January 2018 to December 2022. It looks at factors like gender, age, hospital stay duration, emergency type (paediatric or adult), main diagnosis, skin thickness, burn degree, affected body areas, percentage of body surface area burned, and treatment types. It also investigates how treatment varies by gender, age, skin thickness, and burn severity. The relevance of this research lies in the fact that periodic epidemiological studies are essential to monitor changes in diseases, evaluate the effectiveness of interventions, detect outbreaks quickly, update knowledge on risk factors, and guide health policy decisions. This ensures an adapted and effective response to the needs of the population.
Retrospective, observational study that analysed burn cases treated at the Hospital Complex of Cáceres (Spain) 2018-2022. Inclusion criteria were based on ICD-10 codes for burns, excluding severe cases not treated in this service. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Student's -tests, Chi-square tests, and ANOVA.
220 patients surveyed, with a mean age of 47 years and 60.9% male. Most burns (95.5%) affected the external body surface, with a mean hospital stay of 7.86 days. Medical treatment was provided to 75.5% of patients, and 24.5% required surgical intervention. Significant differences in treatment procedures were observed according to age, skin thickness, and burn degree. Older patients had more procedures and longer hospital stays. Excision and transfer procedures were more common in full-thickness and severe burns.
The findings align with previous research on burn demographics and treatment approaches. Treatment differences by age and burn severity highlight the need for tailored interventions. The study underscores the importance of comprehensive burn management, including psychological support for improved long-term outcomes. Further research could explore the impact of socio-economic factors on burn incidence and treatment. This study was not registered.
烧伤是一种常见且严重的医疗急症，需要立即进行专业护理，以尽量减少损伤并预防并发症。烧伤严重程度取决于深度、范围和部位，关键部位的烧伤或大面积烧伤需要更复杂的护理。护理在烧伤管理中至关重要，包括提供即时护理、调整治疗方案、控制疼痛、预防感染以及为康复提供情感支持。本研究旨在分析2018年1月至2022年12月在西班牙卡塞雷斯综合医院急诊科接受治疗的烧伤患者的流行病学和临床特征。研究考察了性别、年龄、住院时间、急诊类型（儿科或成人）、主要诊断、皮肤厚度、烧伤程度、身体受影响部位、烧伤体表面积百分比以及治疗类型等因素。还研究了治疗方法如何因性别、年龄、皮肤厚度和烧伤严重程度而有所不同。这项研究的相关性在于，定期进行流行病学研究对于监测疾病变化、评估干预措施的有效性、快速发现疫情、更新危险因素知识以及指导卫生政策决策至关重要。这确保了对人群需求做出适应性强且有效的应对。
回顾性观察研究，分析了2018 - 2022年在西班牙卡塞雷斯综合医院治疗的烧伤病例。纳入标准基于国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）的烧伤编码，排除了本科室未治疗的严重病例。使用描述性统计、学生t检验、卡方检验和方差分析对数据进行分析。
共调查了220例患者，平均年龄47岁，男性占60.9%。大多数烧伤（95.5%）累及体表，平均住院时间为7.86天。75.5%的患者接受了药物治疗，24.5%的患者需要手术干预。根据年龄、皮肤厚度和烧伤程度，观察到治疗程序存在显著差异。老年患者的治疗程序更多，住院时间更长。切除和转移手术在全层烧伤和重度烧伤中更为常见。
研究结果与先前关于烧伤人口统计学和治疗方法的研究一致。年龄和烧伤严重程度导致的治疗差异凸显了采取针对性干预措施的必要性。该研究强调了全面烧伤管理的重要性，包括提供心理支持以改善长期预后。进一步的研究可以探讨社会经济因素对烧伤发病率和治疗的影响。本研究未进行注册。
