Oral Health Prev Dent. 2024 Aug 27;22:417-424. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b5695264.
Periodontitis is associated with numerous systemic diseases, and it has been shown that these associations are partly causal in nature. It is assumed that such interactions between periodontal and systemic diseases are also medi- ated via adipokines. Apelin, an adipokine about which there is little research in the dental field, is also produced together with its receptor in periodontal cells. The aim of this review was to summarize the currently available literature on the apelin-APJ system to better understand the pathomechanistic relationship between periodontitis and obesity and to de- termine the potential clinical relevance of apelin for diagnostics and therapy. In vitro studies suggest that apelin can en- hance bacterial-induced synthesis of proinflammatory and proteolytic molecules, indicating a significant etiopathogenic role of this adipokine. Since serum levels of apelin are elevated in diabetes and/or obesity, it is possible that such sys- temic diseases promote the development and progression of periodontitis via apelin. On the other hand, it is also conceivable that apelin from the periodontium influences such systemic diseases. Further research is needed to better understand the role of apelin in the periodontium and the entire oral cavity, but also in the interactions between periodontal and sys- temic diseases. In particular, clinical intervention studies are needed to further decipher the etiopathogenic role of apelin in periodontitis.
牙周炎与许多全身性疾病有关，并且已经表明这些关联在一定程度上具有因果关系。人们认为，牙周病和系统性疾病之间的这种相互作用也可以通过脂肪因子介导。Apelin 是一种在口腔领域研究甚少的脂肪因子，它也与牙周细胞中的受体一起产生。本综述的目的是总结目前关于 Apelin-APJ 系统的文献，以更好地理解牙周炎和肥胖之间的病理生理关系，并确定 Apelin 在诊断和治疗方面的潜在临床相关性。体外研究表明，Apelin 可以增强细菌诱导的促炎和蛋白水解分子的合成，表明这种脂肪因子具有重要的病因作用。由于血清 Apelin 水平在糖尿病和/或肥胖症中升高，因此这些全身性疾病可能通过 Apelin 促进牙周炎的发生和发展。另一方面，也可以想象来自牙周组织的 Apelin 会影响这些全身性疾病。需要进一步的研究来更好地理解 Apelin 在牙周组织和整个口腔中的作用，但也需要研究牙周病和系统性疾病之间的相互作用。特别是需要临床干预研究来进一步阐明 Apelin 在牙周炎中的病因作用。
