Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
Chemosphere. 2024 Sep;364:143189. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143189. Epub 2024 Aug 25.
Innovative agricultural strategies are essential for addressing the urgent challenge of food security in light of climate change, population growth, and various environmental stressors. Cytokinins (CKs) play a pivotal role in enhancing plant resilience and productivity. These compounds, which include isoprenoid and aromatic types, are synthesized through pathways involving key enzymes such as isopentenyl transferase and cytokinin oxidase. Under abiotic stress conditions, CKs regulate critical physiological processes by improving photosynthetic efficiency, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and optimizing root architecture. They also reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, resulting in improved plant performance and yield. CKs interact intricately with other phytohormones, including abscisic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid, to modulate stress-responsive pathways. This hormonal cross-talk is vital for finely tuning plant responses to stress. Additionally, CKs influence nutrient uptake and enhance responses to heavy metal stress, thereby bolstering overall plant resilience. The application of CKs helps plants maintain higher chlorophyll levels, boost antioxidant systems, and promote root and shoot growth. The strategic utilization of CKs presents an adaptive approach for developing robust crops capable of withstanding diverse environmental stressors, thus contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and global food security. Ongoing research into the mechanisms of CK action and their interactions with other hormones is essential for maximizing their agricultural potential. This underscores the necessity for continued innovation and research in agricultural practices, in alignment with global goals of sustainable productivity and food security.
创新农业策略对于应对气候变化、人口增长和各种环境压力带来的粮食安全紧迫挑战至关重要。细胞分裂素（CKs）在增强植物抗逆性和生产力方面发挥着关键作用。这些化合物包括异戊烯基和芳香族类型，通过涉及关键酶（如异戊烯基转移酶和细胞分裂素氧化酶）的途径合成。在非生物胁迫条件下，CKs 通过提高光合作用效率、增强抗氧化酶活性和优化根系结构来调节关键的生理过程。它们还降低活性氧和丙二醛的水平，从而提高植物的性能和产量。CKs 与其他植物激素（如脱落酸、乙烯、水杨酸和茉莉酸）相互作用，调节应激响应途径。这种激素互作对于精细调节植物对胁迫的反应至关重要。此外，CKs 影响养分吸收并增强对重金属胁迫的响应，从而提高植物整体的抗逆性。CK 的应用有助于植物维持更高的叶绿素水平，增强抗氧化系统，并促进根和芽的生长。战略性地利用 CK 为培育能够耐受各种环境压力的健壮作物提供了一种适应性方法，从而为可持续农业实践和全球粮食安全做出贡献。对 CK 作用机制及其与其他激素相互作用的研究对于最大限度地发挥其农业潜力至关重要。这突显了农业实践持续创新和研究的必要性，以符合可持续生产力和粮食安全的全球目标。
