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公共场所无烟法律的扩展及马来西亚对无烟政策的支持:来自 2020 年马来西亚 ITC 调查的发现。

Expansion of Smoke-Free Laws in Public Places and Support for Smoke-Free in Malaysia: Findings from the 2020 ITC Malaysia Survey.

机构信息

Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Nicotine Addiction Research Group, University of Malaya Centre of Addiction Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

出版信息

Asia Pac J Public Health. 2024 Sep;36(6-7):619-627. doi: 10.1177/10105395241273250. Epub 2024 Aug 27.

Abstract

Smoke-free laws (SFL) are more effective with public support. This study investigated the smoking prevalence, public perceptions of smoking rules, and support for comprehensive SFL among 1047 people who smoke (PWS) and 206 people who do not smoke (PNS) aged ≥18 in the 2020 International Tobacco Control Malaysia Survey. Smoking prevalence was highest in nighttime entertainment venues (85.7%), non-air-conditioned eateries (49.7%), and indoor workplaces (34.6%). Respondents reported that smoking was banned in most indoor workplaces (81.7% PNS, 69.2% PWS), air-conditioned eateries (84.7% PNS, 75.7% PWS), and non-air-conditioned eateries (81.2% PNS, 78.7% PWS), but much less so in nighttime entertainment venues (30.1% PNS, 24.6% PWS). Support for comprehensive SFL in public venues was highest among PNS (≥84.9%) but still substantial among PWS (≥49.9%). PWS under 40, Malay, married, and aware of smoking rules supported SFL more. Robust SFL enforcement is essential in Malaysia to reduce secondhand smoke exposure in public places.

摘要

无烟法律(SFL)在得到公众支持的情况下更为有效。本研究调查了在 2020 年马来西亚国际烟草控制调查中,1047 名吸烟者(PWS)和 206 名不吸烟者(PNS)中≥18 岁的人吸烟流行率、公众对吸烟规则的看法以及对全面 SFL 的支持情况。在夜间娱乐场所(85.7%)、无空调餐厅(49.7%)和室内工作场所(34.6%)吸烟的流行率最高。受访者报告称,大多数室内工作场所(81.7% PNS,69.2% PWS)、空调餐厅(84.7% PNS,75.7% PWS)和非空调餐厅(81.2% PNS,78.7% PWS)禁止吸烟,但在夜间娱乐场所(30.1% PNS,24.6% PWS)的禁烟情况则少得多。公共场所全面 SFL 的支持率在 PNS 中最高(≥84.9%),但在 PWS 中也相当高(≥49.9%)。40 岁以下、马来人、已婚且了解吸烟规则的 PWS 更支持 SFL。在马来西亚,需要强有力的 SFL 执法来减少公共场所的二手烟暴露。

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