of Peters (Scorpiones: Hemiscorpiidae) in Hormozgan province, South of Iran.

Three species of were identified in Hormozgan province, for which the available antivenoms lack the efficacy required for treating patients. Consequently, an exact identification of the existing species was deemed necessary as the first step in managing treatment procedures. Considering the morphological similarities among the species, the aim of this research was the molecular study of the samples to accurately identify the species. specimens were collected from various locations in Hormozgan province between 2021 to 2023. The Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene was amplified and sequenced. Four sequences were obtained from specimens collected from Hormozgan province, and three sequences were sourced from the NCBI for analysis. Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees showed similar results, positioning the base of tree as an older species and adjacent to , identified as the newest species at the tree's tip. The results confirmed the validity of three species, namely , , and . and are known for having dangerous venom for humans with reported deaths due to their stings. Considering the importance of the members of this genus from the medical point of view, a comprehensive examination of all species is imperative.