Abdalkader Mohamad, Hanz Samuel Z, Raz Eytan, Zedde Marialuisa, Hu Wei, Pascarella Rosario, Qiu Zhongming, Kikano Raghid, Nguyen Thanh N
Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Interv Neuroradiol. 2024 Aug 28:15910199241272718. doi: 10.1177/15910199241272718.
Recognition of neurovascular variants is crucial for safe endovascular and neurosurgical interventions. We aim to review and highlight various uncommon neurovascular variants and anomalies with a discussion of their relevant embryology and pathology.
A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained neurovascular database was performed to identify uncommon neurovascular variants and anomalies. A pictorial review of these neurovascular findings is provided along with relevant embryological development, clinical significance, and potential pathological associations.
A pictorial review of selected neurovascular variants and anomalies is presented. These entities, divided between intra- and extra-cranial findings, include infra-optic origin of the anterior cerebral artery, meningo-ophtalmic artery, duplicated posterior cerebral artery, duplicate middle cerebral artery (MCA), MCA fenestration, twig-like MCA, pure arterial malformation, corkscrew basilar artery, persistent hypoglossal artery, persistent trigeminal artery and its variants, direct branches from the common carotid and cervical internal carotid arteries (ICA) (ascending pharyngeal artery from the ICA, thyroidal arteries from the CCA/brachiocephalic, arteria thyroidea ima), and extra-cranial carotid fenestration. The angiographic findings of these entities are presented with relevant 3D reconstruction and multimodal cross-sectional imaging correlation when available.
This pictorial review highlights uncommon neurovascular variants and anomalies that neuroradiologists, interventionalists, and neurosurgeons should be aware of for accurate diagnosis and safe interventions.
识别神经血管变异对于安全的血管内介入和神经外科手术至关重要。我们旨在回顾并重点介绍各种不常见的神经血管变异和异常情况，并讨论其相关的胚胎学和病理学。
对前瞻性维护的神经血管数据库进行回顾性分析，以识别不常见的神经血管变异和异常。提供这些神经血管发现的图像回顾，以及相关的胚胎发育、临床意义和潜在的病理关联。
展示了所选神经血管变异和异常的图像回顾。这些情况分为颅内和颅外发现，包括大脑前动脉的视下起源、脑膜眼动脉、大脑后动脉重复、大脑中动脉（MCA）重复、MCA开窗、树枝状MCA、单纯动脉畸形、螺旋状基底动脉、舌下动脉持续存在、三叉动脉持续存在及其变异、颈总动脉和颈内动脉（ICA）的直接分支（ICA发出的咽升动脉、CCA/头臂干发出的甲状腺动脉、甲状腺最下动脉）以及颅外颈动脉开窗。如有可用的相关三维重建和多模态横断面成像相关性，将展示这些情况的血管造影结果。
本图像回顾突出了神经放射科医生、介入医生和神经外科医生应了解的不常见神经血管变异和异常情况，以进行准确诊断和安全干预。
