Federal University of Tocantins, Laboratory of General and Applied Microbiology, ALC NO14, Ns-15 Ave, 77020-210 Palmas, TO, Brazil.
UdelaR, Area Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Gral Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2024 Aug 26;96(suppl 2):e20240255. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202420240255. eCollection 2024.
The use of yeasts has been explored as an efficient alternative to fungicide application in the treatment and prevention of post-harvest fruit deterioration. Here, we evaluated the biocontrol abilities of the Antarctic yeast strain Debaryomyces hansenii UFT8244 against the post-harvest phytopathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer for the protection and preservation of strawberry fruit. The strongest inhibition of germination of B. cinerea (57%) was observed at 0 °C, followed by 40% at 25 °C. In addition, germ tubes and hyphae of B. cinerea were strongly surrounded and colonized by D. hansenii. Production of the enzymes β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase and protease by D. hansenii was detected in the presence of phytopathogenic fungus cell walls. The activity of β-1,3-glucanase was highest on day 12 of incubation and remained high until day 15. Chitinase and protease activities reached their highest levels on the day 15 of incubation. D. hansenii additionally demonstrated the ability to resist oxidative stress. Our data demonstrated that the main biocontrol mechanisms displayed by D. hansenii were the control of phytopathogenic fungal spore germination, production of antifungal enzymes and resistance to oxidative stress. We conclude that isolate D. hansenii UFT8422 should be further investigated for use at commercial scales at low temperatures.
酵母的使用已被探索作为杀菌剂应用的有效替代方法，用于处理和预防采后水果腐烂。在这里，我们评估了南极酵母菌株德巴利酵母 UFT8244 对采后植物病原菌灰葡萄孢和根霉的生防能力，以保护和保存草莓果实。在 0°C 下，观察到对灰葡萄孢（57%）的最强抑制作用，而在 25°C 下为 40%。此外，灰葡萄孢的芽管和菌丝被德巴利酵母强烈包围和定殖。在存在植物病原菌细胞壁的情况下，检测到德巴利酵母产生β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、几丁质酶和蛋白酶。β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性在培养的第 12 天最高，并一直保持到第 15 天。几丁质酶和蛋白酶的活性在培养的第 15 天达到最高水平。德巴利酵母还表现出抵抗氧化应激的能力。我们的数据表明，德巴利酵母表现出的主要生防机制是控制植物病原菌孢子的萌发、产生抗真菌酶和抵抗氧化应激。我们得出结论，应进一步研究分离株德巴利酵母 UFT8422，以便在低温下进行商业规模的应用。
