Zhang Lenan, Iwata Ryuichi, Lu Zhengmao, Wang Xuanjie, Díaz-Marín Carlos D, Zhong Yang
Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Chem Rev. 2024 Sep 11;124(17):10052-10111. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00157. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Bubbles play a ubiquitous role in electrochemical gas evolution reactions. However, a mechanistic understanding of how bubbles affect the energy efficiency of electrochemical processes remains limited to date, impeding effective approaches to further boost the performance of gas evolution systems. From a perspective of the analogy between heat and mass transfer, bubbles in electrochemical gas evolution reactions exhibit highly similar dynamic behaviors to them in the liquid-vapor phase change. Recent developments of liquid-vapor phase change systems have substantially advanced the fundamental knowledge of bubbles, leading to unprecedented enhancement of heat transfer performance. In this Review, we aim to elucidate a promising opportunity of understanding bubble dynamics in electrochemical gas evolution reactions through a lens of phase change heat transfer. We first provide a background about key parallels between electrochemical gas evolution reactions and phase change heat transfer. Then, we discuss bubble dynamics in gas evolution systems across multiple length scales, with an emphasis on exciting research problems inspired by new insights gained from liquid-vapor phase change systems. Lastly, we review advances in engineered surfaces for manipulating bubbles to enhance heat and mass transfer, providing an outlook on the design of high-performance gas evolving electrodes.
气泡在电化学析气反应中普遍存在。然而，迄今为止，对于气泡如何影响电化学过程的能量效率的机理理解仍然有限，这阻碍了进一步提高析气系统性能的有效方法。从传热与传质类比的角度来看，电化学析气反应中的气泡在液-气相变过程中表现出与它们高度相似的动态行为。液-气相变系统的最新进展极大地推进了关于气泡的基础知识，从而实现了传热性能前所未有的提升。在本综述中，我们旨在阐明通过相变传热的视角来理解电化学析气反应中气泡动力学的一个有前景的机会。我们首先介绍电化学析气反应与相变传热之间关键相似之处的背景。然后，我们讨论多个长度尺度下析气系统中的气泡动力学，重点关注受液-气相变系统新见解启发的令人兴奋的研究问题。最后，我们回顾用于操纵气泡以增强传热和传质的工程表面的进展，展望高性能析气电极的设计。
