Cui Hongguang, Du Li, Xie Zhanqiu, Zhong Wei, Xu Dehui, Bian Weiming, Jiang Long, Wang Tiejun, Wu Liyan
College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
Fushun Agricultural and Rural Development Service Center, Fushun 113000, China.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2024 Aug 8;9(8):479. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9080479.
A soil removal device for the root-soil complex of imitating the percussion function of a woodpecker was designed to improve the soil removal efficiency of harvesting devices for rhizome-type traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Based on the physical parameters of roots and the root-soil complex of , the structure parameters of the striking arm and the actual profile of the cam are determined according to the physical parameters when the woodpecker knocks on the tree. The key parameters that affect the working performance of the soil removal device and their suitable value ranges have been identified through the impact test and analysis of the root-soil complex of . The mass of the striking hammer, the swing angle of the striking arm, and the rotation speed of the cam were taken as the experimental factors and the soil removal rate and the energy consumption per hammer percussion were taken as the experimental indicators. The ternary quadratic orthogonal regression combination experiment was carried out using Design-Expert. The regression model of the influence factors and evaluation indicators was established through the analysis of variance. The interaction effects of the influence factors on the indicators were analyzed using the response surface method. Using multiobjective optimization method, the optimal parameter combination was obtained as that of the mass of the striking hammer of 0.9 kg, the swing angle of the striking arm of 47°, and the rotation speed of the cam of 100 r/min, then the soil removal rate was the maximum and the energy consumption of single-hammer knocking was the minimum, with the values of 89.12% and 31.21 J, respectively. This study can provide a reference for the design and optimization of soil removal devices for rhizome-type traditional Chinese herbal medicines.
为提高根茎类中药材收获装置的土壤去除效率，设计了一种模仿啄木鸟敲击功能的根土复合体土壤去除装置。根据根茎及根土复合体的物理参数，参照啄木鸟啄木时的物理参数确定了打击臂的结构参数和凸轮的实际轮廓。通过对根土复合体的冲击试验和分析，确定了影响土壤去除装置工作性能的关键参数及其合适的取值范围。以打击锤质量、打击臂摆动角度和凸轮转速为试验因素，以土壤去除率和单次锤击能耗为试验指标，运用Design-Expert进行三元二次正交回归组合试验。通过方差分析建立了影响因素与评价指标的回归模型，利用响应面法分析了影响因素对指标的交互作用。采用多目标优化方法，得到最优参数组合为打击锤质量0.9kg、打击臂摆动角度47°、凸轮转速100r/min，此时土壤去除率最高，单次锤击能耗最小，分别为89.12%和31.21J。该研究可为根茎类中药材土壤去除装置的设计与优化提供参考。
