Cansu Ümran
Organized Industrial Zone Vocational School, Harran University, 63200 Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
Gels. 2024 Aug 9;10(8):522. doi: 10.3390/gels10080522.
This study evaluated possible utilization of infrared drying (ID) as an alternative to spray- (SD) and freeze-drying (FD) for fish skin-derived gelatins. Physical, functional, thermal, and spectroscopic analyses were conducted for characterization of the resulting gelatin powders. Energy consumption for the applied drying methods were 3.41, 8.46 and 25.33 kWh/kg for ID, SD and FD respectively, indicating that ID had the lowest energy consumption among the studied methods. Gel strength, on the other hand, was lower (398.4 g) in infrared-dried gelatin (ID-FG) compared to that (454.9 g) of freeze-dried gelatin (FD-FG) and that (472.7 g) of spray-dried gelatin (SD-FG). TGA curves indicated that ID-FG showed more resilience to thermal degradation. SDS-PAGE and UV-Vis spectra indicated that slight degradation was observed in the β-configuration of ID-FG. ID-FG and SD-FG gelatins had the highest water holding capacity (WHC), protein solubility and transparency values compared to that of FD-FG. Morphological structures of the samples were quite different as shown by SEM visuals. Ultimately, the findings showed that infrared drying may be a promising alternative for gelatin processing, maintaining product quality and supporting sustainable practices in food and other industries.
本研究评估了红外干燥（ID）作为鱼皮明胶喷雾干燥（SD）和冷冻干燥（FD）替代方法的可能性。对所得明胶粉末进行了物理、功能、热学和光谱分析以进行表征。所应用干燥方法的能耗分别为：红外干燥3.41 kWh/kg、喷雾干燥8.46 kWh/kg和冷冻干燥25.33 kWh/kg，表明在所研究的方法中红外干燥能耗最低。另一方面，红外干燥明胶（ID-FG）的凝胶强度（398.4 g）低于冷冻干燥明胶（FD-FG）的凝胶强度（454.9 g）和喷雾干燥明胶（SD-FG）的凝胶强度（472.7 g）。热重分析（TGA）曲线表明，ID-FG对热降解具有更高的耐受性。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）和紫外可见光谱表明，在ID-FG的β构型中观察到轻微降解。与FD-FG相比，ID-FG和SD-FG明胶具有最高的持水能力（WHC）、蛋白质溶解度和透明度值。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像显示，样品的形态结构有很大差异。最终，研究结果表明，红外干燥可能是明胶加工的一种有前景的替代方法，可保持产品质量并支持食品及其他行业的可持续发展实践。
