Liang Ming, Dai Jie, Di Haokai, Zhu Kun, Yang Kun, Zhang Libo
State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China.
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China.
Langmuir. 2024 Sep 10;40(36):19155-19165. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02307. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
The leaching process represents the primary bottleneck in achieving efficient utilization of zinc suboxide, thereby resulting in a squandering of germanium resources. In this Article, the kinetic mechanisms of conventional and ultrasonic enhanced reduction leaching of zinc suboxide were investigated while optimizing the leaching conditions. The optimized conditions for the ultrasonic enhanced reduction leaching process were found to be 358 K, FeS of 0.6% zinc suboxide mass, and 300 W of ultrasonic power. The leaching efficiency of germanium can reach 91.34% under these conditions, exhibiting an improvement of 8.51%, compared with conventional conditions. Moreover, the Fe concentration in the leaching solution is consistently maintained at ∼15 mg/L, satisfying the requisite criteria for germanium precipitation. Moreover, both the conventional and ultrasonic leaching processes obey the Drozdov kinetic model and are governed by internal diffusion. The difference, however, is that, under ultrasonic conditions, the activation energy of the reaction is reduced by 2.05 kJ/mol, the self-resistance coefficient is smaller, the reaction rate is faster, and the germanium leaching efficiency is higher than under conventional conditions. Ultrasonically enhanced FeS reduction leaching disrupts the encapsulation of silica gel and lead sulfate, shattering large dust grains and reducing the surface tension and viscosity of the solution, thus reducing the energy barrier to the leaching of germanium-containing components and improving the kinetics. The present study elucidates the kinetic laws governing conventional and ultrasonic processes, thereby offering guidance and a theoretical foundation for enhancing the germanium leaching efficiency in zinc suboxide. These findings hold significant implications for maximizing the utilization of germanium resources and advancing the development of the germanium industry.
浸出过程是实现氧化锌高效利用的主要瓶颈，从而导致锗资源的浪费。在本文中，研究了氧化锌常规还原浸出和超声强化还原浸出的动力学机制，同时优化了浸出条件。发现超声强化还原浸出过程的优化条件为358K、0.6%氧化锌质量的FeS和300W的超声功率。在这些条件下，锗的浸出效率可达91.34%，与常规条件相比提高了8.51%。此外，浸出液中的铁浓度始终保持在~15mg/L，满足锗沉淀的必要标准。此外，常规浸出和超声浸出过程均服从Drozdov动力学模型，受内扩散控制。然而，不同的是，在超声条件下，反应的活化能降低了2.05kJ/mol，自阻系数较小，反应速率较快，锗的浸出效率高于常规条件。超声强化FeS还原浸出破坏了硅胶和硫酸铅的包裹，破碎了大的粉尘颗粒，降低了溶液的表面张力和粘度，从而降低了含锗组分浸出的能垒，改善了动力学。本研究阐明了常规和超声过程的动力学规律，从而为提高氧化锌中锗的浸出效率提供了指导和理论基础。这些发现对最大限度地利用锗资源和推动锗产业的发展具有重要意义。
