Zhang Libo, Guo Wenqian, Peng Jinhui, Li Jing, Lin Guo, Yu Xia
State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2016 Jul;31:143-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.12.006. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
A major source of germanium recovery and also the source of this research is the by-product of lead and zinc metallurgical process. The primary purpose of the research is to investigate the effects of ultrasonic assisted and regular methods on the leaching yield of germanium from roasted slag containing germanium. In the study, the HCl-CaCl2 mixed solution is adopted as the reacting system and the Ca(ClO)2 used as the oxidant. Through six single factor (leaching time, temperature, amount of Ca(ClO)2, acid concentration, concentration of CaCl2 solution, ultrasonic power) experiments and the comparison of the two methods, it is found the optimum collective of germanium for ultrasonic-assisted method is obtained at temperature 80 °C for a leaching duration of 40 min. The optimum concentration for hydrochloric acid, CaCl2 and oxidizing agent are identified to be 3.5 mol/L, 150 g/L and 58.33 g/L, respectively. In addition, 700 W is the best ultrasonic power and an over-high power is adverse in the leaching process. Under the optimum condition, the recovery of germanium could reach up to 92.7%. While, the optimum leaching condition for regular leaching method is same to ultrasonic-assisted method, except regular method consume 100 min and the leaching rate of Ge 88.35% is lower about 4.35%. All in all, the experiment manifests that the leaching time can be reduced by as much as 60% and the leaching rate of Ge can be increased by 3-5% with the application of ultrasonic tool, which is mainly thanks to the mechanical action of ultrasonic.
锗回收的一个主要来源以及本研究的来源是铅锌冶金过程的副产品。本研究的主要目的是研究超声辅助法和常规方法对含锗焙烧矿渣中锗浸出率的影响。在该研究中，采用HCl-CaCl₂混合溶液作为反应体系，Ca(ClO)₂用作氧化剂。通过六个单因素（浸出时间、温度、Ca(ClO)₂用量、酸浓度、CaCl₂溶液浓度、超声功率）实验以及两种方法的比较，发现超声辅助法在80℃温度下浸出40分钟可获得锗的最佳浸出条件。确定盐酸、CaCl₂和氧化剂的最佳浓度分别为3.5 mol/L、150 g/L和58.33 g/L。此外，700 W是最佳超声功率，过高的功率在浸出过程中是不利的。在最佳条件下，锗的回收率可达92.7%。而常规浸出法的最佳浸出条件与超声辅助法相同，只是常规方法耗时100分钟，锗的浸出率为88.35%，低约4.35%。总而言之，实验表明，应用超声工具可使浸出时间减少多达60%，锗的浸出率提高3-5%，这主要归功于超声的机械作用。
