Dipartimento Di Scienze Della Terra, Università Di Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, Pisa, 56126, Italy.
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, University of Geological Sciences, Olimlar Street 64, Tashkent, 100164, Uzbekistan.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Aug 28;196(9):854. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13014-1.
Uzbekistan (Central Asia) is experiencing serious water stress as a consequence of altered climate regime, past over-exploitation, and dependence from neighboring countries for water supply. The Chirchik-Akhangaran drainage basin, in the Tashkent province of Uzbekistan, includes watersheds from the Middle Tien Shan Mountains escarpments and the downstream floodplain of the Chirchik and Akhangaran rivers, major tributaries of the Syrdarya river. Water in the Chirchik-Akhangaran basin is facing potential anthropogenic pressure from different sources at the scale of river reaches, from both industrial and agricultural activities. In this study, the major and trace element chemistry of surface water and groundwater from the Chirchik-Akhangaran basin were investigated, with the aim of addressing the geogenic and anthropogenic contributions to the dissolved load. The results indicate that the geochemistry of water from the upstream catchments reflects the weathering of exposed lithologies. A significant increase in Na, K, SO, Cl, and NO was observed downstream, indicating loadings from fertilizers used in croplands. However, quality parameters suggest that waters are generally suitable for irrigation purposes, even if the total dissolved solid indicates a possible salinity hazard. The concentration of trace elements (including potentially toxic elements) was lower than the thresholds set for water quality by different regulations. However, an exceedingly high concentration of Zn, Mo, Sb, Pb, Ni, U, As, and B compared with the average river water worldwide was observed. Water in a coal fly-ash large pond related to the Angren coal-fired power plants stands out for the high As, Al, B, Mo, and Sb concentration, having a groundwater contamination potential during infiltration. Spring waters used for drinking purposes meet the World Health Organization and the Republic of Uzbekistan quality standards. However, a surveillance of such drinking-water supplies is suggested. The obtained results are indicators for an improved water resource management.
乌兹别克斯坦（中亚）由于气候改变、过去过度开采以及依赖邻国供水，正面临严重的水资源压力。乌兹别克斯坦塔什干省的奇尔奇克-阿汉加兰流域包括天山山脉峭壁的集水区和奇尔奇克河和阿汉加兰河下游的洪泛平原，这两条河都是锡尔河的主要支流。奇尔奇克-阿汉加兰流域的水资源面临着来自不同源头的人为潜在压力，包括工业和农业活动。在这项研究中，对奇尔奇克-阿汉加兰流域地表水和地下水的主要和微量元素化学进行了研究，目的是确定溶解负荷的地球成因和人为成因。结果表明，上游集水区的水化学反映了暴露岩石的风化作用。下游观察到 Na、K、SO、Cl 和 NO 的显著增加，表明农田中使用的化肥带来了负荷。然而，水质参数表明，即使总溶解固体表明可能存在盐度危害，水通常仍适合灌溉用途。微量元素（包括潜在有毒元素）的浓度低于不同法规规定的水质阈值。然而，与世界范围内的平均河水相比，Zn、Mo、Sb、Pb、Ni、U、As 和 B 的浓度非常高。与安格伦燃煤电厂相关的粉煤灰大型池塘中的水由于其高浓度的 As、Al、B、Mo 和 Sb，在渗透过程中具有地下水污染的潜力。用于饮用水的泉水符合世界卫生组织和乌兹别克斯坦共和国的质量标准。然而，建议对这些饮用水供应进行监测。所获得的结果是水资源管理改进的指标。
