Jobin Alycia, Gingras Félicie, Beaupré Juliette, Legendre Maxime, Bégin Catherine
School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Centre d'Expertise Poids, Image et Alimentation (CEPIA), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Jul 26;14(8):645. doi: 10.3390/bs14080645.
Food addiction (FA) is associated with greater severity on many eating-related correlates when comorbid with binge eating disorder (BED) but no study has established this relation across the whole spectrum of binge eating, i.e., from no BED to subthreshold BED to BED diagnosis. This study aims to examine the effect of the presence of FA on the severity of eating behaviors and psychological correlates in patients without BED, subthreshold BED or BED diagnosis. Participants (n = 223) were recruited at a university center specialized in obesity and eating disorder treatment and completed a semi-structured diagnostic interview and questionnaires measuring eating behaviors, emotional regulation, impulsivity, childhood interpersonal trauma, and personality traits. They were categorized by the presence of an eating disorder (no BED, subthreshold BED, or BED) and the presence of FA. Group comparisons showed that, in patients with BED, those with FA demonstrated higher disinhibition ((79) = -2.19, = 0.032) and more maladaptive emotional regulation strategies ((43) = -2.37, = 0.022) than participants without FA. In patients with subthreshold BED, those with FA demonstrated higher susceptibility to hunger ((68) = -2.55, = 0.013) and less cooperativeness ((68) = 2.60, = 0.012). In patients without BED, those with FA demonstrated higher disinhibition ((70) = -3.15, = 0.002), more maladaptive emotional regulation strategies ((53) = -2.54, = 0.014), more interpersonal trauma ((69) = -2.41, = 0.019), and less self-directedness ((70) = 2.14, = 0.036). We argue that the assessment of FA provides relevant information to complement eating disorder diagnoses. FA identifies a subgroup of patients showing higher severity on many eating-related correlates along the binge eating spectrum. It also allows targeting of patients without a formal eating disorder diagnosis who would still benefit from professional help.
食物成瘾（FA）与暴饮暴食症（BED）共病时，在许多与饮食相关的关联因素上病情更为严重，但尚无研究在整个暴饮暴食范围内（即从无BED到阈下BED再到BED诊断）确立这种关系。本研究旨在考察FA的存在对无BED、阈下BED或BED诊断的患者饮食行为严重程度及心理关联因素的影响。在一个专门治疗肥胖症和饮食失调的大学中心招募了参与者（n = 223），他们完成了一次半结构化诊断访谈以及测量饮食行为、情绪调节、冲动性、童年人际创伤和人格特质的问卷。根据是否存在饮食失调（无BED、阈下BED或BED）以及是否存在FA对他们进行分类。组间比较显示，在患有BED的患者中，与没有FA的参与者相比，患有FA的患者表现出更高的去抑制性（(79) = -2.19， = 0.032）和更多适应不良的情绪调节策略（(43) = -2.37， = 0.022）。在患有阈下BED的患者中，患有FA的患者表现出更高的饥饿易感性（(68) = -2.55， = 0.013）和更低的合作性（(68) = 2.60， = 0.012）。在没有BED的患者中, 患有FA的患者表现出更高的去抑制性（(70) = -3.15， = 0.002）、更多适应不良的情绪调节策略（(53) = -2.54， = 0.014）、更多的人际创伤（(69) = -2.41， = 0.019）以及更低的自我导向性（(70) = 2.14， = 0.036）。我们认为，FA的评估为补充饮食失调诊断提供了相关信息。FA识别出了一组患者，他们在暴饮暴食范围内的许多与饮食相关的关联因素上表现出更高的严重程度。它还能针对那些虽未被正式诊断为饮食失调但仍能从专业帮助中受益的患者。
